PAPER MATERIALS PATENTED SINCE THE YEAR A.D. 1800. 55 



for the bark of trees of the morus family or class (void). — Charles Mabury 

 Archer, for sea weeds and freshwater weeds. — Joseph Barling, for the root 

 of tbe hop plant, humulus lupulus. — William George Plunkett and John 

 Bower, for iris pseudacorus, commonly called the yellow flagger ; the arc- 

 tiam burdana, or woollyheaded burdock ; the tussilago farfara, or common 

 coltsfoot ; the beta vulgaris, red or white beet, or mangold wurzel and 

 turnip leaves and stems. 



In 1856, Claude Louis Parisel, for grass or hay, and similar plants used 

 as forage, and also from weeds and other herbs. — Herman John Van Den 

 Hout and Ebenezer Brown, for making pulp from shavings of leather 

 mixed with ropes, rags, &c. — Lazare Ochs, for certain kinds of paper from 

 the refuse of tanned leather. — Jacob Smith and John Luntley, for treating 

 the sunflower plant (void). — John Cowley, for improvements in the manu- 

 facture of paper from straw, &c. (void). — James Niven, for the bark of the 

 elm, or ulmus Europcea, and the lecistera formosa. — Herman John Van 

 Den Hout, for currier's shavings of skins or hides with a certain per- 

 centage of pulp from rope, &c, or offals and cuttings of all kinds of leather, 

 mixed with textile materials. — William Denny Ruck and Victor Touche, 

 for using the stem and leaves of sugar cane, Indian corn, and bulrushes, 

 and the material called bass or bast. — Charles Armand Messager-Abit, for 

 treating the plants ligneum spartium, stipa tenacissima, chama^rops humilis, 

 and the plants of the genera genista and stipa. — John Cowley, improve- 

 ments in manufacture, from straw, &c. — Thomas Routledge, treatment of 

 esparto and other raw fibres. — Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton (pror. 

 pro.), for using spent tan. — Robert Hanham Collyer, using the residue and 

 substances extracted from the genus beta, that is, beetroot, mangel wurzel, 

 &c. — Adolphe Aubril, application of the residue of the bryony root. 



In 1857, Frederick Burnett Houghton, treatment of fibres by heat and 

 pressure. — Lewis Hope, applying the inner bark of the birch and maple. — 

 Louis Jean Marie Siblet, for an improved pulp for paper, by mixing in 

 certain proportions — chloride of lime, alum, carbonated colours, linseed oil, 

 gum copal, acetate of lead, turpentine, essential oil of turpentine, nut oil, 

 cotton, flax, white lead, wheaten flour. — Peter Wicks and Thomas Goulston 

 Ghislin, applying Juncea? serratus, trista, &c. ; aloe arborea, &c. ; sanse- 

 viera, malvacea?, Watsonia latifolia, narvoso humilis, papyracese, &c. ; tulipa 

 beyniana, &c, plants of South Africa. — Lucius Henry Spooner, paper pulp 

 from zostera, otherwise named wrack grass, or wreck grass. — Robert Han- 

 ham Collyer, an improved method of preparing the residue of beetroot, &c. 

 — William Edward Newton, manufacturing paper from wood, or other 

 ligneous or fibrous substances. — Josiah Wright, Alfred Wright, and 

 Francis Roberts, employing the stalk of the rhubarb plant. — William 

 George Plunkett, applying the bark, leaves, and stems of the lava- 

 tera arborea (sea tree mallow), otherwise called arborem marina nostras ; 

 also the vine or straw of humulus lupulus or hop plant, and trifolium pra- 

 tense, or rubens (common red clover). — David Lichtenstadt, making pulp 

 from leather or any kind of animal fibrine, to be used with or without rags. 



