DYE-STUFFS OF INDIA AKD CHINA. 133 



extend. Dyes of animal origin, catechus, gamboges, and other similar 

 products are excluded. Animal dyes are confined chiefly to lac products 

 and cochineal ; catechus will be more in place amongst tanning extracts, 

 and gamboge and dragon's blood can scarce merit the title of dye-stuffs. 



The wood of Ccesalpinia pulicata is employed in the East Indies as a dye- 

 stuff. It greatly resembles Cuba fustic ; and two or three parcels lately 

 sold in the London market of a " new dye wood from the Indian Archi- 

 pelago," were doubtless the produce of this tree. There is every proba- 

 bility of its becoming an established article of British commerce. 



Kayu Kudrang. — This is a yellow dye-wood, produced at Malacca. 

 A specimen was sent to the Exhibition of 1851, but its source is undeter- 

 mined. It is a harder and closer grained wood than Sappan, and of a 

 lighter colour ; it more resembles the wood of Ccesalpinia pulicata, except 

 that it is heavier and more compact. 



Buxchong Balu. — A dye wood of the Celebes, source undetermined. 

 It was exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851. The wood resembles 

 Sappan wood in appearance, and is doubtless the produce of a species of 

 Ccesalpinia. 



Kayu Samuck. — A dye wood from Labuan. The tree which produces 

 it grows to thirty feet in height, and two feet in diameter. Of the charac- 

 ter of the wood we are unable to speak from personal knowledge. 



Kayu Lakah:. — This is a Malayan red wood, which was shown at the 

 Great Exhibition of 1851. It is heavy and compact, somewhat resem- 

 bling red sanders wood, but, when powdered, the colour is browner and 

 not so brilliant. It has not hitherto been imported into Europe for 

 commercial purposes, but appears worthy of a trial. 



Kayu Laxka. — This is a red dye wood, so closely resembling the Kayu 

 lakah that it may be the produce of the same tree, although, from 

 certain small peculiarities, we are inclined to consider them distinct. Either 

 of these woods seem to be applicable to the same purposes as red sanders 

 wood. 



Palluxga Murra. — A large tree, known under this Canarese name, 

 grows in the Nuggur District. The wood is used as a red dye, in fixing 

 which the myrabolaus of Terminalia chebula and alum are said to be used. 

 The colour and general appearance of the wood resembles Sappan : it is 

 very bright, but not quite so deep. 



Rat-keria, of Saffragam. — A kind of red wood, evidently a species of 

 Acacia, employed in Ceylon for dye purposes. The higher classes of the 

 Kandians consider this wood as a powerful agent for purifying the blood. 

 They prepare and use an infusion thereof by pouring hot water into beau- 

 tifully carved cups made of this wood, which readily dissolves the colouring 

 matter. It is employed alike by the Budhist priests and the Kandian 

 ladies. 



Yellow 7 Stems. — The stems of a Menispermaceous plant about an inch 

 in diameter, used for dyeing yellow, have been received from Upper Assam. 

 They greatly resemble the thinner pieces of Mara manjil or Tree turmeric, 



