PRODUCTS OF NEW GRANADA. 187 



Mahee Galls are produced upon Tamarix indica, in the Bengal Presi- 

 dency of India, and are there employed for tanning. One or two instances 

 have occurred of their importation into England ; but tamarisk galls are 

 not commonly met with in British commerce. They are very small, seldom 

 exceeding the size of a pea, and many being as small as a coriander seed. 



Atlee. — Sonnini says that " the tamarisks {Tamarix orientalis) are in 

 general covered with gall nuts adhering to the branches. These nuts are 

 filled with a liquor of a very beautiful deep scarlefr, from which the arts 

 may perhaps be able to derive considerable benefit ; for the galls are 

 extremely numerous, and the trees that bear them grow all over both 

 Upper and Lower Egypt." This species of tamarisk is called Atle by the 

 Egyptians. 



Amteric. — The substance shown under this name at the Great Exhi- 

 bition of 1851, from Tripoli, consisted of small tamarisk galls, greatly 

 resembling those obtained from Tamarix indica, in Bengal. 



Tamarisk Galls. — Dr. Lindley states that galls are also produced on 

 other species of tamarisk, as Tamarix dioica and Furax. 



Majoophul. — The gall nuts of Ficus infectoria are used for tanning in 

 the Chota, Nagpore, and Rohilcund districts. 



Cadooca-poo, or " Flowers of the Kadookai," are the galls of Terminalia 

 chebula. Roxburgh says that they are powerfully astringent, as fit for 

 making ink as oak galls. They yield the chintz painters on the coast of 

 Coromandel their best and most durable yellow. With a ferruginous mud, 

 they strike an excellent black. When dyeing with Morinda tinctoria in the 

 Circars, the native dyers first prepare the cloth or yarn by immersing it in 

 a cold infusion of these powdered galls in milk and water. 



Serjacoy. — These are gall-like excrescences, produced in India appa- 

 rently on a species of Terminalia. They resemble in form, structure, and 

 qualities the Cadooca-poo, but are much larger. Their uses are identical. 



Shukur-teeghal. — We are informed that these galls, produced upon 

 Asclepias gigantea, are astringent, and are employed in India for tanning 

 leather. 



PRODUCTS OF NEW GRANADA. 



BY WILLIAM BOLLAERT. 



New Granada produces cocoa, tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice, and sugar in 

 its fruitful valleys or savannas ; also timber, dye-woods, and cinchonas. 

 There are pearl fisheries on its coasts. Its mountains and streams yield 

 gold, silver, platina, and other metals : the mines of rock salt, coal, and 

 emeralds are important. In the Magdalena the magnificent Victoria Regia 

 is found in such abundance as to be a troublesome weed. Farther south it 

 is also abundant ; for Lieut. Page, of the United States Navy, states that 

 down the Panama drift camilotes, or large water-lilies, and in the lagoons 

 are anchored islands of the Victoria Regia, or Maiz del Agua (corn of the 



