41 

 VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS OF INDIA. 



BY M. C. COOKE, F.S.S. 

 (Concluded from page 12.) 



Mustard-seed ; Kadaghoo yennai, Tarn. ; Avaloo and Sursava 

 HOQNAj Tel. ; Raye ea tael, Hind. {Sinapis sp.) — Five or six species of 

 Sinapis are cultivated throughout India for the sake of their oil, which is 

 much esteemed in the country for cookery, for medicine, and for anointing 

 the person ; but it is not exported. The seeds, however, were shipped to 

 the extent of 5,000 cwt. in 1848, and 16,000 in 1853. Mustard-seed yields 

 about 20 per cent. . of a brownish yellow fixed oil, with a faint smell and 

 mild taste. 



Bunga surson [Sinapis juncea). — This species is cultivated for the sake 

 of its oleaginous seeds at Tanjore, and in some other parts of the Peninsula 

 Probably, some of the kinds which are here provisionally characterised as 

 species, are in reality only varieties. 



Black and White Mustard (Sinapis nigra, Sinapis alba). — These 

 two European species are also named as in cultivation in India. The seeds 

 of Sinapis alba yield upon expression about 36 per cent, of a bright yellow, 

 pleasant-tasted edible oil, having a strong smell and slight taste of mustard. 

 The seeds of Sinapis nigra yield only 28 per cent, of a similar oil. 



Shersha; Sursoo of the Punjab (Sinapis torid). — The species most 

 cultivated in the neighbourhood of Meerut appears to be the above-named, 

 which yields an oil similar to that of other species of Sinapis. It is also in 

 cultivation in the Punjab. 



Surson ; Burga sursoo of the Punjab (Sinapis glauca). — In the 

 Chota Nagpore division, varieties of this species of Sinapis are cultivated, 

 as well as in the districts of the Punjab. 



Punjab Rape (Sinap>is erysimoides). — This is another of the species 

 said to be cultivated in Northern India. If it is really a distinct species, 

 it is of much more limited cultivation in the Indian territories than the 

 majority of the others named. 



Raee, Beng. ; Burlai Rape of the Punjab (Sinapis ramosd). — This 

 is cultivated in the Punjab, and also in the Madras Presidency, as an oil- 

 seed. It is one of the smallest of the seeds of Sinapis. Sinapis rugosa is 

 another of the small-seeded species cultivated in India. 



Kalie surson; Torea of Punjab (Sinapis dichotomy). — This species, 

 which is said to be the Torea of the Punjab, is cultivated there, as well as 

 in other parts of India, as an oil-seed. This is doubtless a mere variety of 

 Sinapis glauca. It is occasionally imported under the name of Sursee. 

 • Our imports of mustard-seed of all kinds from India were, in 



1855 4,835 cwt. Value, £4,353 



1856 38,870 „ 54,418 



1857 34,385 „ 39,543 



1858 50,396 „ 76,925 



1859 27,413 „ 37,554 



