42 VEGETABLE OILS 



Myrobalan Oil; Kadukai ; Haritaka; Umbedher; Hara (Ter- 

 minalia Chebula). — The tree is found in the forests of Bengal, and is 

 common in Mysore. The astringent fruit is employed in tanning and 

 dyeing ; the kernels yield in small quantities an oil which is occasionally 

 extracted in India for medicinal purposes. 



Beleric Myrobalan Oil ; Tanikai ; Bulla ; Beheyra {Terminalia 

 Belerica). — The tree is found in the mountainous parts of India, and is also 

 common in Mysore. The fruit is astringent, but the kernels are eaten. 

 They yield a small quantity of oil. I have been shown a semi-fluid and 

 a rather limpid oil, both of which are referred to this source. It only 

 appears to be of medicinal use in India. 



Wild Almond ; Bodamie ; Catappa, Malay; Nattoo Vadom ; Ingudi, 

 Sans. {Terminalia catappa). — This tree is probably a native of the Malayan 

 Archij^elago, but it is now extensively cultivated in India. The kernel of 

 the fruit resembles an almond or filbert in taste and composition ; hence 

 it has been called the wild almond and country almond. It yields an 

 excellent fixed oil, which is rather thicker and more amber-coloured than 

 almond oil, for which it might be substituted. 



Nagkesur; Nag a Sumpunghee Oil {Mesua ferrea). — This promises to 

 be a valuable oil, if it can be obtained in sufficient quantities. It is 

 procurable at Canara at the rate of 4 rupees per niaund, and the seed at 

 1 r. 8 as. per maund. It is used as a lamp-oil, and as a healing application 

 to sores. 



Noonee Gatcha, Tel. ; Umul Koochi, Beng. {C&salpinia digyna, 

 Eottl.) — According to Roxburgh, an oil is expressed from the seeds which 

 is used for burning in lamps. The plant is found in Bhaugulpore and on 

 the Coromandel coast. 



Jadipootree ; Jajikarra ; Juephul ; Nutmeg Butter {Myristica 

 moschata). — This fat is prepared by beating up the nutmegs, enclosing the 

 paste in a bag and exposing it to the vapour of water, and afterwards 

 expressing the fat by means of heated plates. We do not know whether 

 any deviation from this process takes place in India, where a little is 

 manufactured. This fat, as met with in commerce, is said to be much 

 adulterated, particularly with suet, spermaceti, marrow, wax, oil of Ben, 

 coloured with alkanet, &c. Two kinds are at times met with, — one in 

 earthen pots, of mace colour and agreeable smell : this is exported chiefiv 

 from the Moluccas to Holland. The second kind occurs in fiat cakes, is far 

 inferior, and is frequently adidterated with spermaceti. 



Poondy-seed {Myristica malaharica). — The oil obtained by a similar 

 process to that employed for expressing nutmeg butter from this wild 

 species of Myristica, somewhat resembles in appearance an inferior sample 

 of that substance. It was shown at the Madras Exhibition of 1855, but I 

 am not aware that a sample has yet reached England. If successfully 

 prosecuted, this may prove another source of adulteration for the nutmeg 

 butter of commerce. 



Nux-vomica Oil ; Carixgootry ; Moovettie Cottay, Tarn. (Strychnos 



