44 VEGETABLE 0IL3 



In Ceylon this oil is called Domba. Keena oil is obtained from another 

 species of Calophyllum. The tree is known as the Alexandrian laurel, and 

 is common in all parts of India. The oil is known in Canara under the 

 name of Houeh, at Goa as Oleum undo, and in Cochin as Perun Poonaka. 

 It has on one or two occasions made its apjDearance in the London market, 

 but did not meet with a ready sale. 



Pootunjee ; Cheroo Pinnay, Tarn. (Calophyllum spurium, Choisy). — 

 This handsome tree grows very plentifully about Cunneepooram, north of 

 Trevandrum. The fruit yields an oil called Pootunjee, which is employed 

 for lamps. It is also used in leprosy and cutaneous affections. 



Poonga ; Kurrunj, or Kanagu nune (Pongamia glabra, Galedupa 

 arborea, Dalbergia arborea). — This oil is of a pale brownish colour, and is 

 fluid at a temperature above 55°. It has a slight smell, which becomes 

 more evident in the darker-colom-ed samples than in the pale sherry- 

 coloured. It is expressed chiefly in Southern India, and is mostly 

 employed in India for adulterating lamp-oil. It is known under the name 

 of Caringooty in Travancore. 



Poppy-seed ; Khuskash, Arab. ; Kooknar, Pers. ; Chosa, Sans. ; 

 Casa-casa noona, Tel. (Papaver somniferum). — The seeds yield by ex- 

 pression about 56 per cent, of a bland and very valuable oil, of a pale 

 golden colour, fluid to within 10° of the freezing-point of water. It dries 

 easily, is inodorous, of agreeable odour, and partially soluble in alcohol. 

 The seed is worth about 61s. in the English market. The poppy is 

 largely cultivated through Malwa and the opium districts, where this oil 

 is more extensively used than any other, both for lamps and as food. By 

 simple exposure to the rays of the sun in shallow vessels, the oil is 

 rendered perfectly colourless. 



Portia-nut Oil ; Paris-ka-pul ; Poursunghai, Tamul ; Soopar- 

 shavaka, Sans. (Thespesia populnea). — This is a deep red-coloured and 

 thickish oil, extracted from the seeds of the tree, which is abundant 

 throughout the Madras Presidency. The oil is supposed to possess certain 

 medicinal properties which render it useful in cutaneous disorders, for 

 which the bright yellow juice of the tree is also employed. 



Brumadundoo ; Coorookoo ; Shial .- Kanta of Bengal ; Prickly 

 Poppy ; Yellow Thistle of Jamaica (Argemone mexicana). — The oil 

 obtained from the seeds of this plant is pale yellow-coloured and clear, 

 and is sometimes consumed in lamps by the natives. The plant now 

 flourishes luxuriantly throughout India, though not originally a native. 

 The oil is mild, resembling that of the poppy, and may be taken in one- 

 ounce doses without producing purgative effects. In South America the 

 oil is much used by painters, and for giving a shining appearance to 

 wood. It has also been employed as a substitute for castor-oil, and is 

 applied externally in headache by the native practitioners. It is cheap, 

 and readily procurable in the bazaars of India. 



Radish ; Moolanga yennay (Raplianus sativus). — This oil resembles 

 the rape-seed oils, and is very limited in its production. The only locality 



