206 APPLICATION OF ALUMINIUM TO PRACTICAL PURPOSES. 



.a high, temperature for about twenty minutes, when the mass is converted 

 into admirable marmalade, which is put into stoneware jars containing one 

 pound each, of which piles like haystacks stand on all sides. These are then 

 covered with prepared paper laid close on the surface of the preserved fruit. 

 The jar being covered over with a piece of bladder, and tied fast round the 

 brim, the marmalade is ready for home consumption or for export. 



We are afraid to specify the quantity of marmalade manufactured at 

 this large establishment ; but our readers may estimate the quantity for 

 themselves, when we tell them that the oranges are used by ship loads, and 

 the sugar by tons upon tons. There are, during the busy marmalade season, 

 always employed no fewer than fifty women ; and during the months of 

 spring the quantity manfactured is not less than two thousand five hundred 

 pounds weight per day. 



We have got the marmalade potted, but in that state it cannot be carried 

 from the manufactory to the markets where it is to be disposed of to indi- 

 vidual consumers. There are boxes and barrels required for its safe trans- 

 mission, and in the establishment where it is made, a large circular saw is 

 constantly at work, cutting up wood for joiners and coopers, who make 

 such larger packages as are neccessary for the railway and steamboat 

 traffic. 



After supplying the home market with as much of this delicacy as 

 the constantly-increasing demand requires, large quantities are shipped 

 to Australia, the West Indies, America, the East Indies, and to the 

 Continent of Europe — for even France, Spain, Portugal, and Italy draw large 

 supplies of their own fruit back in the shape of marmalade ; and our 

 readers would be surprised if we were to give only a meagre sketch of the 

 extent of the trade carried on by this firm, through their establishments in 

 London and Jersey, with the southern states of Europe. 



We have described as shortly and lucidly as we were able, a little known, 

 but, as our readers will now understand, a most important branch of our 

 local industry. G. H. 



Glasgow. 



APPLICATION OF ALUMINIUM TO PRACTICAL PURPOSES. 



The constant appearance in our jeweller's shops of fancy articles of alumi- 

 nium is beginning to draw very general attention to that valuable — but not 

 admittedly precious — metal. A few years ago (1855) small specimens were 

 handed about and examined as curiosities from Deville, the French chemist's 

 laboratory, and regarded with great interest. It is true it had been dis- 

 covered eight and twenty years before (1827), by Professor Woehler, of 

 Gottingen ; but people then heard the announcement of the elimination of 

 the metallic base of clay, with little more than that ordinary indif- 

 ference with which the description of a merely new element is commonly 



