OF INDIA AND ITS ADJACENT COUNTRIES. 415 



criminately on the Sagwan or Teak tree (Tectona grandis), the Baer, the 

 Asana, and the mulberry (Moms indica), and that the cocoons were there 

 extensively used, cut into thongs, as ligatures for binding the native match- 

 locks. It is stated that at Behar, Burbhoom hills, Bhagulpore, and the 

 Punjab, the Tusser is an annual only, and that in Bengal it has at least 

 three broods in the year. 



20. AntherjEa Assama (Heifer). The "Moonga," or "Mooga" 

 silkworm. 



Habitat. Assam, Mussooree, (and ? Ceylon). The Moonga silkworm 

 feeds upon the trees known in Assam as the Champa (MicJielia sp. ?), the 

 Soom, Kontooloa, Digluttee (Tetranthera diglottica), the Pattee Shoonda 

 (Laurus obtusifolia), and the Sonhalloo (Tetran. macrophylld). It is exten- 

 sively cultivated by the natives, and can be reared in houses, but is fed and 

 thrives best in the open air and upon the trees. There are generally five 

 broods in the year. The silk forms one of the principal exports of Assam, 

 and leaves the country generally in the shape of thread. 



21. Anther^ea Mezankooria (Moore). The " Mezankooree " silk- 

 worm of the Assamese. 



Habitat. Assam. The worms which produce the Mezankooree, Mazan- 

 koory, or Medanggori, are stated to feed on the Addakoory (probably a 

 species of Tetranthera), which is abundant in Upper and Lower Assam. 

 The silk is nearly white, its value being fifty per cent, above that of the 

 Moonga, and constitutes the dress of the higher classes in Assam, being- 

 wrought into Dhoties. 



22. Anther^ea Surakarta (Moore). 



Habitat. Java. A close ally of the common " Tusser." 



23. Anther^a Pernyi (Guerin-M6neville). The oak-feeding silk- 

 worm of China. 



Habitat. Mantchouria, N. China. This is described as having been 

 long known to the Mantchour Tartars — very large quantities of the silk 

 going into consumption among the Chinese. The caterpillar feeds on the 

 chestnut oak (probably Castanea japonica), the cocoon differing from that of 

 the " Tusser " in form and texture ; it is attached to the leaves by the 

 loose outer covering of silk, and the slender pedunculated appendage. 

 The silk is represented as strong, having little lustre, and resembles 

 thin yellow woollen linen. This species has been introduced into France. 



24. Anther^ea Eoylei (Moore). The oak-feeding silkworm of JST. W. 

 India. 



Habitat. Almorah, Simla, and Mussooree. This is an abundant species, 

 the caterpillar feeding upon the common hill-oak {Quercus incana). The 

 cocoon is large and very tough, and the silk is pronounced as promising, 

 and worth cultivation. Captain Hutton has lately had this under cultiva- 

 tion at Mussooree, and informs me that it can be easily reared in the house. 



25. Antherjea Yamamai (Guerin-Meneville). 



Habitat. Province of Yamamai, Japan. M. Duchesne de Bellecourt, the 

 French Consul-General at Jeddo, and M. Flury-Erard, recently sent tlie 



