70 ON THE TOBACCO TRADE AND CULTIVATION 



ciple analogous in some respects to tannin, the basis of the other vege- 

 table astringents, but by no means identical with that compound. Its 

 properties are sufficiently distinct and characteristic to entitle it to be 

 considered an astringent substance sui generis, which might with pro- 

 priety be designated eucalyptine. My first impression was that it was 

 composed of tannin, red colouring matter, and ordinary gum ; but sub- 

 sequent experiments failed to verify this theory. 



As a medicine, it is a more powerful astringent than any in our phar- 

 macopceas, and justly merits a place among the legitimate articles of the 

 Materia Medica in these publications. In the year 1853, I collected a 

 large quantity of this gum on the Black Hill, Ballarat, and made a 

 variety of experiments on myself, taking it internally in doses varying 

 from one to thirty grains, in order to ascertain if it could be safely admin- 

 istered as an internal medicine, and finding that it possessed no poison- 

 ous properties, I ventured to prescribe it in a variety of disorders in 

 which astringents are indicated, and found it peculiarly serviceable in 

 certain stages of diarrhoea and dysentery, in passive haemorrhage, as an 

 injection in leucorrhoea, gonorrhoea, and gleet, in scurvy of the gums, 

 in cyanche tonsillaris, as a gargle when the acute symptoms have 

 subsided, in relaxation of the uvula, and in haemorrhoids, in the form 

 of an ointment made by dissolving a drachm of the gum in a tea- 

 spoonful of water, and when intimately mixed, rubbing it up with an 

 ounce of lard. The dose for internal administration varies from one or 

 two grains to twenty, dissolved in water. 



Ballarat, East Victoria. 



ON THE TOBACCO TRADE AND CULTIVATION OF THE 

 DISTRICT OF CAVALLA, TURKEY. 



BY MR. HALING, BRITISH VICE CONSUL. 



Tobacco is the staple article of production and industry of the sanjack 

 of Drama, which forms the vice-consular district of Cavalla. The plant 

 has been cultivated in the district from a remote period, but the general 

 extension of its cultivation in all parts of the sanjack does not date, 

 perhaps, more than twenty years back. 



The area of all the arable lands in the sanjack of Drama is roughly 

 estimated to be 500,000 acres, of which 35,000 acres are exclusively 

 devoted to the culture of tobacco. A comparative statement of the areas 

 under different sorts of culture would afford, however, a very imperfect 

 idea of the relative importance of tobacco as a branch of the local in- 



