THE NEW ICE MACHINE. 81 



merit, and producing much more ice than any other system in use up to 

 this time. The price of a machine capable of producing every hour — 

 20 kilogrammes of ice is . . 4,000 francs. 

 40 „ . . 8,000 „ 



60 „ „■.... 12,000 „ 



80 „ „ 16,000 „ 



100 „ „ 18,000 „ 



The profit (at Paris) on the rough ice is guaranteed by M. Lespine at 

 three centimes the kilogramme. The ingenious construction of these 

 machines offers, in addition to the advantages enumerated above, that 

 of answering all the various purposes for which cold is required, without 

 introducing any modification into its machinery. 



The production of cold graduated at pleasure between zero and 30 

 degrees centigrade below zero, adapts these machines for scien- 

 tific as well as commercial purposes. The different ways in which 

 cold is used, may be classed into three divisions : the 1st comprising 

 private uses and the daily necessities of domestic life ; the 2nd, the 

 preservation of public health, the salubrity and the welfare of the 

 million ; the 3rd, including the various and different branches of 

 industry. 



The following summary gives fuller details of the varied applica- 

 tions of ice and the apparatus of M. Lespine : 



For private purposes and the daily requirements of domestic life: — ■ 



1. The production of rough ice at will, soft or hard, transparent 



or opaque. 



2. The manufacture of sherbet and comestible ice in masses, more or 



less dense, iced wines, &c. 



3. The preservation of meat, butter, cream, pulse and alimentary sub- 



stances in general. 



4. The cooling of beverages of all kinds. 



For public health and salubrity, by lowering the temperature in crowded 

 localities, Sfc. — 



1. As in theatres, factories, work-shops, hospitals, ambulances, and dis- 



secting-rooms, slaughter-houses, &c. 



2. By employing ice or cold in all its forms, within and without build- 



ings, as a remedy for, or a preventive of, many epidemic and 

 endemic diseases resulting from intense heat. 



3. The separation of salt from sea water, so as to render it drinkable on 



board, or to promote congelation. 



4. Cooling the cabins of passengers and officers in ships, so as to enable 



them to defy the heat in the tropics in long voyages, &c. 



For scientific and industrial purposes : — 

 1. Various preparations and the concentration of a great number of che- 

 mical products. 



VOL. III. F 



