364 NOTES ON THE ECONOMIC APPLICATION OF BARKS. 



small tree or shrub, the bark having tonic and diuretic properties, 

 and is used in Ceylon in the cure of fevers and dropsy. It is of a 

 dull reddish grey colour, nearly a quarter of an inch in thickness 



Ccelocline polycarpa, Hook, fil. A native of West Africa, where it 

 is called " Yellow Gbeyido bark." — It is thin and fibrous, of a dull 

 greyish brown colour, with a yellowish fracture, and is applied by the 

 natives as a specific in ulcers ; a yellow dye is also obtained from it. 



Guazuma (probably ulmifolia), known in the markets'of Caraccas and 

 La Guayra as " Guasima bianco." It abounds ii mucilage, and is used 

 in decoction. It is considered salutary in cases of irritation. The bark 

 is usually about the sixteenth of an inch thick, oi a dusky brown colour, 

 with a reddish fracture. The tree grows abundantly in the valley of 

 the River Tuy. 



Guazuma tomentosa, H.B.K. — This is a small tree, about 12 or 14 

 feet high, and very abundant in the same districts as the former. This 

 bark is also found in the markets of Caraccas and La Guayra, under the 

 name of " Gna-sima Colorado." It is of a reddish brown colour, thin and 

 fibrous, and is in great repute in the cure of dysentery and similar 

 diseases. 



JEgU Marmelos, Corr. — This tree is a native of Coromandel, Mala- 

 bar, &c, and grows to a tolerably large size. The bark is of an ashy 

 grey colour, and is used in decoction for palpitation of the heart, bilious 

 fevers, &c, though seldom alone, but in combination with other ingre- 

 dients. It is the root bark which has the greatest reputation, and which 

 is mostly used. All parts of the plant are considered refrigerant in 

 Malabar. 



Cinnamodendron corticosum, Miers. — This is a small tree or shrub, 

 10 to 15 feet high, native of Jamaica. The bark is about a quarter of 

 an inch in thickness, the outer surface of a clear reddish grey tint, the 

 inner of a dusky white, and much resembles the bark of Canella alba, 

 having also similar properties. 



Canella alba, Sw. — A tree growing to about 50 feet high, native of 

 the West Indies. Its bark is similar in colour to the foregoing, but 

 perhaps rather lighter on the inner surface, the fracture having a whitish 

 granular appearance. It is aromatic, stimulant, and tonic. Its use in 

 this country is chiefly as a medicinal agent. In the West Indies it is 

 occasionally employed as a condiment. This bark has often been con- 

 founded with winter's bark. See Drimys Winteri. 



AzadiracMa Indlca, Juss. — A tolerably-sized tree, native of the East 

 Indies, where the bark is much used by the natives as a tonic in inter- 

 mittent fevers. It is stimulant and anti-spasmodic, and is likewise 

 employed in cholera, chronic rheumatism, &c, applied either in decoc- 

 tion or powder. A gum obtained from the bark is used in native prac- 

 tice as a stimulant. 



. Galipea cusparia, St, Hil. — A native of the forests of tropical America, 

 where the tree grows 70 or 80 feet high. The bark is of a light ash 



