ON THE COMMERCE AND USES OF THE HAIR OF ANIMALS. 443 



periwig maker, and upon my liking it (the wig) without more ado I 

 "went up, and then he cut off my haire, which went a little to my heart 

 at present to part with it ; but it being over, and my periwig on, I 

 paid him 31, and away went he with my own haire to make up another 

 of ; and by-and-by went abroad, after I had caused all my maids to look 

 upon it, and then concluded it did become me." " 1664-5, March 13. 

 This day my wife began to wear light-coloured-locks, quite white almost. 

 1666, May 30. Being come now to an agreement with my barber to 

 keep my periwig in good order at 20s. a year.'' 



In the reign of James II. and William and Mary, periwigs became 

 more monstrous ; the full-bottomed wig was worn by the learned pro- 

 fession and those who affected particular gravity. Farquhar, in his 

 comedy of 'Love and a Bottle,' written in 1698, remarks that "a full 

 wig " is imagined as infallible a token of wit as the laurel." Wigs 

 of smaller dimensions called " nightcap-wigs," the " campaign major," 

 " bags,' and the " riding wigs," Avere worn. 



The most striking novelty of the time of George I. was the 

 " Bamilies " tail, which was a tail plaited to the wig with an immense 

 bow at the top and a smaller one at the bottom. The pigtail, that 

 favourite ornament of sailors in later years, first appeared in the 

 reign of George II., and it banished the Kamilies tail and tie. Marie 

 Antoinette invented a coiffure in which were represented " hills, and 

 enamelled meadows, silvery rills and foaming torrents, the well-trimmed 

 garden and the English park." The servants of our nobility now 

 seldom appear in wigs, unless on state occasions. In our time false 

 hair has a very different office to perform, and by the skill of our artists 

 in that commodity we are enabled to wear that article so as to deceive 

 almost our very selves.* 



Horsehair. — Though in nearly every country horsehair is'collected, 

 the chief sources of supply are Russia, South America, and Prussia. The 

 importation into England amounts annually to about 1,450 tons, of 

 the value of 152,000^. We get some good long tail hair from Russia — 

 other qualities long, medium, and short from the River Plate. 



The forensic, theatrical, and coachmen's wigs are made of horsehair, 

 but these are fast getting into disuse ; the latter are sometimes made of 

 goat's hair. 



Horsehair is used on the helmets of the Horse Guards. It is made 

 into ropes and wigs, even the learned lawyer is obliged to rob the poor 

 Siberian horse for his wig. Horsehair shirts were formerly worn for the 

 health of the soul, but gloves of the same material are now used for the 

 health of the body. False tails of horsehair are made for the use ot 

 those horses which are deficient in that respect. Fishing lines are oc- 

 casionally made of horsehair. 



A queue, or tail of horsehair, suspended at the end of a pike, ter- 



* Jury Eeports, Exhibition, 1S62. 



p P 2 



