ON THE TRADE IN NUTS. 461 



nuts coming from Gijon, that will not keep for any time, and are said 

 to be coloured by the Jew dealers with the fumes of sulphur. They 

 are sold at public sales in barrels of about three bushels each. The 

 Barcelonas, which are kiln-dried and shipped from Tarragona ; the 

 annual export from thence is said to be about 8000 tons. The trade in 

 Hazel nuts in Trance is very inconsiderable, and only sufficient for 

 local consumption. 



The finest kinds called Avelines are brought to Paris from several 

 quarters. The principal are those termed cadieres or corrupted into 

 acadierses Irom the neighbourhood of Toulon. The nuts are of an 

 irregular round and the shell hard. Other kinds come from Languedoc 

 and Piedmont. 



The nuts of the Constantinople variety (Corylus Colurna) are roundish 

 and very hard ; 160,000 cwt. of these nuts are annually raised at Trebizond 

 and Kuirasond. Large and very fine nuts of this species grown in the 

 Crimea were shown in the Prussian collection at the late Exhibition, 

 priced at 69s. 3d. the cwt. 



The Filbert is the fruit ol the tubulosa variety of the Corylus 

 Avellana. The term was originally applied to those kinds of nuts 

 which have very long husks, but owing to the number of varieties that 

 have of late years been obtained, this distinction, which was never 

 scientific, appears to be nearly disregarded, and nuts and filberts are 

 almost synonymous terms, excepting that the wild uncultivated fruits, 

 and those varieties which most nearly approach it, are never called 

 filberts. Filberts are mostly grown in Kent, where as much as 30 

 cwt. per acre has been raised on particular lands. In order to preserve 

 filberts in a fresh and plump state, it is only necessary to prevent 

 their parting with their moisture by evaporation. Burying them in heaps 

 in the earth, putting them in earthen jars in a wine cellar, and covering 

 them with dry sand, are all excellent plans. It is estimated that 1,000 

 tons of filberts are annually sold in this country. 



The Cob-nut of Kent is a large, roundish prolific variety — grandis — 

 of the ordinary Hazel-nut. The wild nuts of this country seldom 

 reach to any size. 



For walnuts we are chiefly indebted to France, whence we received 

 55,500 bushels in 1861, and from Holland 8,300 bushels of a rather 

 better quality. France is an importer as Avell as an exporter of wal- 

 nuts ; for in 1860 she received 2,153,289 kilogrammes, and sent away 

 1,471,000. The principal French varieties are those of Chatellerault, 

 Ireguel, Aisne, Sarthe, Correze, and Drome, districts long renowned 

 for the excellence of their fruit. Those of the Dauphiny and Savain, 

 however, represent a very considerable production. 



Pistachio- nuts which had been heretofore only a secondary item in 

 the exports from A'eppo, now find an extensive sale at 1,200 to 1,300 

 piastres the quintal. 1,250 cwt. were exported from thence in 1861 

 valued at 2,465Z. — Gardner's Chronicle. 



