NOTES ON MYROBALAN8. 471 



augustifolia. It is the Kooroo-villa cadookai of the Tamuls, and the 

 Huritukee of Bengal. This variety contains scarcely the rudiments of a 

 nut, and is of the size and shape of a small black raisin, which, in ap- 

 pearance it somewhat resembles. 



Dr. Fleming (' Asiatic Kesearches,' vol. xi.), says : " The Zengi-har is 

 as far as I can learn, more frequently used in medicine by the Hindus 

 than any of the other myrabolans, being generally employed by them 

 as a purgative. It operates briskly, but without occasioning heat or 

 irritation. Persons liable to a redundancy of bile, habitual costiveness, 

 or any other complaint which recpiires the frequent use of gentle laxa- 

 tives, will find this one of the most convenient which they can use." 

 This form of myrabolan has several times appeared in the London 

 market. 



The Halileli-cMni is doubtless the same as the Munjulde of Assam, 

 noticed in vol. i., pp. 136 of this journal. The fruit is much more 

 mature than in the Zengi har, the nut being formed within it, but it is 

 still of a greenish black when dried, with the epicarp shrivelled upon it 

 or contracted into ridges. I have not, however, met with it commer- 

 cially, and unless the Munjulde can be referred to this variety, I must 

 consider myself still a stranger to the Halileh-chini. The kind known 

 as Munjulde in Assam is about the length of a Tonquin bean, but 

 thicker, angular, and with a shrivelled pericarp. 



Of the ordinary myrabolans of commerce, two varieties at least will 

 have been noticed. In one of these the surface of the pericarp is smooth 

 and shining, and of a light yellowish brown or tawny colour, in the 

 other, the surface of the pericarp is much shrivelled in drying, and the 

 colour is seldom so bright or yellow, possessing generally a greenish 

 tint. These differences are due to the degree of perfection at which the 

 fruit had arrived when gathered, and between these varieties almost 

 every gradation in regularity of surface may be encountered. 



I have not the least doubt that some of the greenish yellow, and 

 reddish yellow, small sized myrabolans often met with constitute the 

 variety named Halileh-asfer in the Mekhzen-id-adviyeh already quoted'. 



The mature myrabolan is too well known to need description. It is 

 the Helileh-kabidee of the Arabs, and D'Herbelot is of opinion that 

 this name is derived from " Cabul," the article having been first brought 

 to Arabia from the country so named. At the present time mature 

 Cabul myrabolans sell for a rupee each in Bombay under the name of 

 Surwarree hirda. This induces the fraudulent admixture therewith of 

 the fruits of Balanites JEgyptaica which generally accompany the Cabul 

 myrabolans to Bombay. 



The astringent pericarp of this fruit in combination with sulphate 

 of iron makes a very good ink, and the kernels yield upon expression a 

 small quantity of oil. The leaves cf the tree are subject to the attacks 

 of a gall insect. The galls produced are flat hollow cases of a horny 



