OF THE TYNE AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS. 151 



and fitting steam tugs, and out of the 600 engines his firm have made 

 since that date, upwards of 300 have been fitted in steam tugs. Mar- 

 shall's steam tugs being well known in every port. The present firm 

 of Marshall Brothers are still largely engaged in the construction of 

 paddle and screw engines. 



The names of Eenoldson, Almond, and Hepple are also well known 

 as producer's of steam tug engines, on a large scale, and it may be safely 

 stated that upwards of 1,000 tug engines have been made and fitted on 

 the Tyne. 



Messrs. Thomas Richardson and Co. of Hartlepool have paid much 

 attention to marine engineering, and are now engaged in perfecting 

 several improvements therein. 



Messrs. R. Stephenson and Co. have employed a large portion of their 

 extensive establishment in the construction of marine engines, and in 

 addition to a long list of engines fitted, of various powers, they put on 

 board a Sardinian frigate a pair of 250 horse power horizontal screw 

 engines for the Sardinian Government. 



In 1852, Messrs. Palmer Brothers established the Jarrow Engine 

 Works, where have been manufactured and fitted on board a considerable 

 number of marine engines, paddle and screw, and some of them of large 

 power, having 90 and 80 inch cylinders. During the past eighteen 

 months this firm has introduced surface condensation into several pairs 

 of engines, adopting an American plan for jointing the tubes. These 

 engines are reported satisfactory for duty and economy of fuel, and 

 there are several pairs in hand on the same plan, having 63 and 60 in, 

 cylinders. Of the latest and most successful of this firm's engines, may 

 be mentioned those of the Georgia, having 60 inches cylinders, giving a 

 high speed, and small consumption of fuel. 



Messrs. Morrison and Co. of the Ouseburn Engine Works, have 

 given much attention to the construction of marine engines up to 250 

 horse power, and have applied Hall's surface condenser, separate expan- 

 sion gear and steam jackets, with much success. 



The mail steamship "Auckland," with the improved engines referred 

 to, of 150 horse power, has proved on her trial an economical and suc- 

 cessful ship. 



Messrs. Thompson and Co., of the Spring Garden Engine Works, 

 have, especially since 1856, been largely engaged in the construction of 

 marine engines up to 200 horse power, and they have also paid some 

 attention to economy of fuel. 



Messrs. Gilkes, Wilson, and Co., of Middlesbro', and Mr. G. Clark, of 

 Sunderland, are also engaged in marine engine construction, but have 

 not furnished any information as to extent or speciality. 



In this limited notice oi what is now a most important branch of 

 engineering industry in this district, it is important to state that the 

 north country engineer has to provide a larger and more powerful 

 marine engine at a less cost per horse power than the engineer on the 



