152 ON THE ENGINEERING MANUFACTURES 



Thames, and this unjust difference has tended materially to check in this 

 district the manufacture of the higher class of marine engines. 



Finally, it may be confidently stated, there is a general desire among 

 the north country engineers that quality of workmanship following price 

 should he superseded, by price following quality of workmanship. 



Several of the large firms just referred to have every capability, in 

 extent and convenience of shops and tools, for supplying the largest 

 engines that may be required for her Majesty's navy or mail steam- 

 ships. 



Hydraulic Engineering. — It will be necessary under this head to 

 refer separately — First to the application of machinery for removing or 

 supplying water ; and, secondly, to the application of machinery in using 

 water as a motive power. 



Extensive mining necessities require the constant attention of the 

 mechanical engineer, especially to provide large and capable machinery 

 for discharging water from great depths, and it is a matter of much 

 satisfaction when such machinery can be designed and applied on the 

 spot. 



The following brief reference to the productions of local firms in 

 addition to the supply of machinery for water work, &c, will clearly 

 show that this district has reaped the full benefit of such local designs 

 and applications. 



Messrs. Thomas Murray and Co., of Chester-le-street, have applied 

 steam power extensively to pumping for colliery purposes, and com- 

 pleted some of the largest colliery pumping engines in the district, 

 some of them being 200-horse power, with 60 and 68 inch steam 

 cylinders. 



Messrs. E. and W. Hawthorn were very early in the field in the con- 

 struction of large engines for pumping, and in 183-i they erected a 

 single acting pumping engine with 55 inch cylinder, and 8 feet stroke 

 for the Newcastle Subscription Water Company, This engine was the 

 first erected in the neighbourhood with steam jackets and valves, on 

 the Cornish principle. It was at a later date (1854) converted into a 

 double acting engine, and is now doing duty at Newburn. 



In 1845, several large pumping and winding engines were erected by 

 the same firm, at the various collieries in the North of England, among 

 which was a powerful pumping engine of 250 nominal horse power, at 

 Walbottle Colliery, on the Tyne, with steam cylinders, 77 inches in 

 diameter and 10 feet stroke ; it was erected to drain a large coal-field 

 area, where it is now working. 



In 1S47-8, several first-class water-works' engines were manu- 

 factured and erected by the same firm in the towns of Newcastle, 

 Derby, Nottingham, Wolverhampton, and Brighton ; and in 1858 

 they erected powerful double-acting, combined, high and low pressure, 

 rotative, beam engines, at the works of the Nottingham Water Works 

 Company, the Coventry Water Works Company, and at Altona, near 



