CHINA GREEN. 277 



ones made by the same vessels in their cruises further out at sea, and 

 being only isolated occurrences amongst many of a similar kind that 

 might be named, they forcibly illustrate the anomaly that British enter- 

 prise, hitherto so active and vigilant, shjuld permit foreigners to 

 approach the very threshold of British territory, and carry away wealth 

 which is so easily within their own grasp. 



The whales on the coasts of Japan not only afford oil in great 

 abundance, but their flesh, considered wholesome and nutritious by the 

 Japanese, is largely consumed. No part of the animal indeed is thrown 

 away ; all is made available to some useful purpose or another. The 

 skin, which is generally black ; the flesh, which is red and looks like 

 coarse beef ; the intestines and all the inward parts, besides the fat or 

 blubber, which is boiled into oil, and the bone, which is converted into 

 innumerable uses ; all is made available to purposes of profit. 



CHINA GREEN. 



BY PROCESSOR H. DDSSAUCE. 



Mr. Charvin has extracted from the Rhamnus catharticus a green 

 colouring matter similar to the Chinese green (green indigo), but less 

 costly. This product is in irregular plates with a variable aspect, ac- 

 cording to the thickness of the plate. 



Like the Chinese Lo-Kav, this product seems to be a lake — that is, a 

 combination of an organic substance with an earthy matter. Gradually 

 heated, it lost first water without any sublimate product ; in burning, it 

 left an inconsiderable quantity of ashes. 



The following is the result of a comparative experiment done at the 

 same time with that product and the lu-Kav, with the analysis of Mr. 

 Persoz : 



Green Charvin. Chinese. Chinese by Persoz. 

 Water . . 13.5 9.5 9.3 



Ashes . . 33. 28.5 28.8 



Colouring matter 53.5 62. 61.9 



100.0 100.0 100.0 



Mr. Persoz defines the lu-Kav " a lake formed by cyanine, having for 

 base phosphated magnesia, alumina, and oxide of iron." In Mr. Char- 

 vin's process lime is only found, mixed with a little alumina and silica 

 without phosphoric acid, but the colouring matter is the same in the two 

 products. The chemical reactions of Mr. Charvin's green are similar to 

 the Chinese lu-Kav. 



Preparation. — In a kettle containing boiling water he puts two 



