42 MUSCI. (MOSSES.) 
sss stems firm from a suberect rhizoma (hence forming more compact 
tufts), almost woody, triangular, dark purple, shining ; leaves rigid and coria- 
ceous, raat below sheathing, ade spreading, and mostly occupied 
by the broad lamelligerous costa. (Name from modus, many, and Opis, rptxds, 
a hair ; from the hairy covering of the at ong ) 
1. P. commiiine, Linn. Stems erect, mostly simple ; leaves — 
el -clef 
or recurved, flat, serrate on the margins and back ; the lamella somewhat 2-cleft 
at pay margins ; capsule oblong, 4-sided, the angles acute; — ou 
te from a convex base. — y moist places; common. — Plant 6’ -12’ 
a (Tab. 17.) (Eu.) 
2. P. formosum, Hedw. Differs from the preceding by its longer and 
slightly curved capsule with obtuse angles, a smaller obconic apophysis tapering 
into the pedicel, and the conical operculum. — Woods, around the base of trees, 
&e. (Eu.) 
racile, Menzies. Usually somewhat smaller than No. 1 or 2; 
capsule ovate, 4-6-sided, obtuse-angled; operculum long-rostrate; the hairy 
covering of the calyptra shorter than the c uals spores larger; basal mem- 
brane of the peristome not emergent. — Boggy places, Ipswich, Massachusetts, 
Oukes, (Eu ae 
_ 4. P. juniperinum, Hedw. Stem simple or divided ;. leaves linear- 
lanceolate, awn-pointed, densa on the back, the margins inflexed, entire ; 
capsule and operculum as in No. 1.— Var. stricrum. Stems elongated, slen- 
der ; leaves appressed; capsule . al.— Margins of woods, in exposed places, 
&c.— Plant 4'-7! high; the variety subalpine. u.) 
5. P. piliferuma, Schreb. Stems simple; leaves clustered at the sum- 
oe lanceolate, the margins inflexed, entire; costa excurrent into a long diaph- 
anous and spinulose awn; capsule ovate-oblong, jaied: operculum conical, 
rostrate.— Rocky places, in mountainous districts. — Plant 2/-4/ high. (Eu.) 
Trine XIX. BRYEX. 
46. TiM MIA, Hedw. (Tab. 17.) 
amas tra large, cuculliform. Operculum aD me papillate or with @ 
tral depression. Capsule oblong, subpyri , erect-cernuous, broadly an- 
a ng-pedicellate. Peristome double ; a pate: of 16 lanceolate ge- 
niculate-incurved teeth ; the interior, a membrane d divided half-way into 64 cilia 
I 
. Timm, a German staid o 
Hedw.— The calyptra is often arrested in 13 
by 
i jpowtvand ed esheets pedicel, having given egress to the capsule 
