78 VEGETABLE TALLOW. [Cuar. V. 
a half, or two feet, asunder, with a thick plank at 
the bottom, forming a kind of trough, and the 
whole is bound together with iron. The tallow is 
pressed out by means of wedges driven in very 
_ tightly with stone mallets, and passes through a 
hole in the bottom of the press into a tub, which is 
sunk there to receive it. It is now freed from all 
impurities, and is a semifluid of a beautiful white 
colour, but soon gets solid, and in cold weather is 
very brittle. The inside of the tubs which collect 
the tallow are sprinkled or dusted over, with a 
fine red earth, well dried, which prevents the tallow 
from adhering to their sides. It is thus easily 
removed in a solid state from the tubs, and in this 
condition the cakes are exposed for sale in the 
market. As the candles made from this vegetable 
tallow have a tendency to get soft and to melt in 
hot weather, they are commonly dipped in wax of 
various colours, as red, green, and yellow. Those 
which are intended for religious purposes are ge- 
nerally very large, and finely ornamented with 
golden characters.” 
“The cake, or refuse, which remains after the 
tallow has been pressed out of it, is used for fuel, 
or to manure the land, and so is the refuse from 
the other part of the seeds from which oil is ex- 
tracted.” 
One of the greatest Lions in Chusan is an old 
Chinaman, who every spring hatches thousands of 
ducks’ eggs by artificial heat. His establishment 
is situated in the valley on the north side of the 
