604 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vor. XXXIV. 
The investigation is valuable, in that it reveals the importance of 
* contact " as a factor in the reactions of Cypridopsis to light. The 
problem has been suggested, rather than analyzed, by the author, 
and it demands further attention. Obviously the observations fail 
to disprove the possibility of photopathy or the selection of an opti- 
mum intensity, although they do emphasize the importance of the 
rays' directive influence. R M. YERKES. 
Notes. — Circular No. go, second series of the Division of Ento- 
mology of the United States Department of Agriculture, dealing in a 
brief synoptical way with the mosquitoes of North America, is of 
unusual general interest, since it renders evident, at a glance, 
whether or not a prevalent mosquito belongs to the genus Anopheles, 
which appears to comprise the species by which human malaria is 
chiefly, if not exclusively, spread. 
Professor E. S. Morse, in * A Bubble-Making Insect " (Appleton's 
Popular Science Monthly, May, 1900), discusses the fluid accumula- 
tions of the Cercopide. A “look over the literature of the subject,” 
considered * sufficient to indicate the common belief among ento- 
mologists,” cites no authority later than 1869. In writing for general 
readers, the latest works, rather than the earlier classics, should be 
quoted, and even a * superficial survey " of what has been published 
on the subject, if directed aright, would not have been so wholly 
barren as Professor Morse's paper would indicate. The froth is 
stated to act as a protection against enemies; certain Hymenoptera, 
however, provision their nests with young cercopids selected from 
the spits. 
In a separately paged extract from the Fourth Annual Report of 
the Commissioners of Fisheries, Game, and Forests of the State of 
New York, Dr. E. P. Felt gives an account of seven insects injurious 
to maple trees. The species treated are the white-marked tussock 
moth, JVofolophus leucostigma, forest tent caterpillar, C/istocampa 
disstria, leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina, maple sesian, Sesta acernt, 
sugar-maple borer, Plagionotus speciosus, maple-tree pruner, Æ laphidion 
villosum, and cottony maple-tree scale, Pulvinaria innumerabilis. 
The descriptions, though brief, are accurate and adequate, and with 
the illustrations make the recognition of the several species easy. 
The title-page and cover read, “Insects injurious to forest trees, 
1898." The title line, however, gives, “Insects injurious to maple 
trees,” and at the very outset Dr. Felt states his reasons for confin- 
