No. 404.] REVIEWS OF RECENT LITERATURE. 679 
no trace of fertilization, or even of attraction between the anthero- 
zoids and spores, was found, but parthenogenetic growths were 
abundant. These growths were of two distinct types, both of which 
were found, only more fully developed, in plants growing in the sea, 
the two forms there growing intermingled, though not so in cultures. 
These forms the author designates, from their respective discoverers, 
as “forme thuretienne" and “forme falkenbergienne,” the former 
producing first a * support," the summit of which is then transformed 
into a Cutleria frond, the latter a stout cellular cylinder, here called 
* colonnette," from the base of which grows out an Aglaozonia frond. 
It would seem that either of these forms may be produced by either 
Aglaozonia or Cutleria spores, in the latter case by either fertilized 
or unfertilized spores, so that, instead of a definite alternation of 
generations, as in ferns and mosses, either the sexual or the asexual 
form may reproduce itself for an indefinite number of generations, 
changing to the other under conditions unknown to us. 
The * colonnette " is a peculiar development; the author regards 
it as an atavistic proembryo, representing what was a normal state 
in the remote history of the type, but is now only a survival, of no 
use to the individual. These three forms now found in the same spe- 
cies give the latter a wide range of affinities among the brown algz, 
indicated by the author as follows : Cutleria, thallus with Ectocarpus, 
Tilopteris, Carpomitra; reproduction with Tilopteris, Sphacelaria. 
* Colonnette," thallus with Myriotrichia, Litosiphon; reproduction 
unknown.  Aglaozonia, thallus with Battersia, Sphacelaria, Zonaria, 
Padina, Dictyota; reproduction with Zonaria, Laminaria. It is this 
wide range of affinities that makes the study of this little group of 
so much interest. 
The paper is abundantly illustrated from excellent drawings by the 
author. F. S. CorriNs. 
Micro-Organisms and Fermentation.' — The translation of the 
third edition of Dr. Jórgensen's well-known work on the subject, in 
Which his word is one of authority, is doubtless a good service for 
many English-speaking readers. The general subject of fermenta- 
tion is here so construed as to exclude decomposition changes; the 
chief phases treated dealing with those activities producing charac- 
teristically acetic, lactic, and butyric acids, slime, and alcohol. The 
* Jórgensen, A. Micro-Organisms and Fermentation. Third edition, trans- 
lated by Alex. K. Miller and A. E. Tennholm. London, Macmillan & Co., 1900. 
318 pp., 83 figs. 
