No. 408.] REVIEWS OF RECENT LITERATURE. 989 
appearing, Dr. Smith argues that most species cannot adapt them- 
selves to a parasitic existence, but that the many germ diseases are 
due to a comparatively small number of primary species, endowed 
from the beginning with certain fighting or invasive characters, and 
subsequently adapted to various hosts. 
Mr. E. S. Salmon’s recent monograph of the Erysiphacez, in 
the Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club, is followed in the August 
number of the Bulletin of the same society by a paper on the 
Japanese representatives of the same group, with a host-index. 
The interesting smut genus Mycosyrinx forms the subject of a 
paper by Penzig in a recent number of Malpighia. 
Notwithstanding his advanced age, Professor Oudemans con- 
tinues his studies of fungi, and has recently distributed the first of 
a series of “Contributions to the Knowledge of Some Undescribed 
or Imperfectly Known Fungi " (in English) from the Proceedings of the 
Royal Academy of Amsterdam. 
The needs of a young and growing botanical garden are mod- 
estly stated in the August number of the Journal of the New York 
Botanical Garden. 
“ A Study of Plant Adaptations” is the title of Buletin 69 of the 
Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station. 
