
19 
cultivated in the vicinity of Calcutta. Jute isan article of large and 
increasing importation to Great Britain, being c pated used in the 
manufacture of carpets “a other fabrics. The e of India use a 
large quantity of this fibre annually for deteeulialiel oes internal trade 
purposes, added to which an immense number von a ron bags leave India 
filled with sugar, wheat, rice, and other grain 
unn Hemp (Crotalaria juncea). This plant is tap culti- 
vated in India for its fibre, which by careful preparation becomes soft, 
fine, and white, bearing TOP with flax. The waste is utilised in 
the manufactnre of pape 
Deccani Hemp (Hibiscus cannabinus). A small shrub with prickly 
stems, gund cultivated in India ; apparently wild east of the Nor- 
thern Ghau Th m this plant is considered 
stronger, kohal not so good as the Sunn Hemp. In India it is used 
for nets and ropes, and in the Hikes “district, Bengal, it is the chief fibre 
used in the manufacture of paper. It is ‘also stated to be sometimes 
met with as an adulterant of jute. 
Bauhinia Vahlii, an enormous and perhaps the aaa gigantic of the 
climbing plants of the Indian forests. Its uses are almost more numérous 
than those of any other forest plant except the mari The bark is 
made into strong cordage, which is used for suspension bridges, and the 
fibre has been employed as a material for paper-making. The large 
flat leaves are sewn together, and used as plates, e umbrellas, and 
rain-caps. The pods are roasted, and the seeds eate 
Coco nut (Cocos nucifera), The valuable coir fibre of commerce is 
pe: from the fibrous pericarp. A fibre is also prepared from the 
leaf stalks, but compared to the coir it is unimportant. Coir is very 
largely used in the manufacture of mats and matting. The net of 
fibres at the base of the petioles is made into bags and paper, and is 
also used in Ceylon for iniii toddy. 
Udal (Sterculia villosa), a moderate sized tree, common in the 
or throughout India and Burma. The tree is so highly valued for 
j -in the more accessible forests, it may be said to occur 
chiefly as a bush from its branches being constantly lopped for the fibre 
they contain. The fibre is coarse but strong, and is made into ropes and 
s, and in Bengal, Se and South India, into ropes and 
prosetpanga for dragging timber 
—A cake of Benares Abkári or Excise Opium was oii 
th o d 
gradually become Ei sin e to such a consistence that 100 grains 
when dried on the steam-table at 200° Fahrenheit yield 90 grains at 
i is mixed 
in an opium pipe. 
