surface and support by means of stones or rockwork. Wher ere obiit E 
able, the cuttings should consist of portions of stems about two or three 
feet long, but all the better if four or five feet long. The leaves are 
Thus started, Vanilla cuttings readily take root, and the stem will i 
grow and flourish. den upon um: e size of the cuttings, the plants — 
begin to flower in the ex year after medir They do not, 
however, flower freely ont the third kn fourth yea n 
Fertilization of the Flowers.—The first duty of ais cultivator wh | 
e pla i i f 
e flowe 
DUAE. differentiated organ, the parts of which ca 
v ce to ^ + 
o 79. 
pollen is carried to the stigma of the Vanilla flower by means of i 
agency id rues Where these partieular inseets are absent, their 
work m be performed by the cultivator, or no Vanilla pods will be 
secl 
It is recommended that the dig of fertilization shonld s place in 
the morning. It is advisable that all the flowers in a cluster be ferti- 
lized as they open; but of t Beta are successfully rin, only a 
certain number, de “ponte on ae age and strength of the v should 
be allowed to remain. If too many pods are retained at first, ihe vine 
a 
rocess of fertilization will be better understood by: a referent 
to the ene given herewith. The only instrument n 
l piece of bamboo or sharpened stick the thickness of a load p 
about Tour or five inches long. = 
h er is venas it will be noticed that there are three 
outer and three inner floral parts, which are sometimes designated the 
| p 
sepals and the petals respectively. tam: of the latter i is so — altered 
and so distinct in form and 
At a, fig. 5, is re 'epr resented 
containing the pollen. masses, and at 5, the stigma | or: viscid s 
- At fig. 6 is represented a ‘section through the top of : the coh 
. the position of the pollen masses masses a, and the stigma b. 
. noticed that the stigma is separated from the pollen masses by a 
lip projecting over the stigma, In the work of fertilization it 
to lift up or tear away this lip, and transfer the tee 
: at «to the stigma at 6, as shown in fig. 7 
.. the instrument is s shown at figs. 2 and 3. 
aS "The work of fertilization, when on 
idi An ex 
a thousa e orenoon. ne sini mode is to seize 
the flower with the left hand “bettie een = thum middle 
