Ved 

: cm 
530 GEOTECTONIC (STRUCTURAL) GEOLOGY. [Boox IV. 
forwards as before on the upthrow side. Hence in an anticline, the 
reverse effect takes place, for there the space between the two 
outcrops is narrowed on the downthrow side. A section along the 
east or upcast side of the fault would give the structure represented 

Fic. 260.—PuLAn oF ANTICLINE (A) AND SYNCLINE (8), DISLOCATED BY A 
Fauut (F F). 
in Fig. 261 (1); while one along the downcast side would be as in (2). 
These two sections clearly prove that the shifting of the outcrops at 
the surface can be simply explained by a mere vertical movement. 

Fic, 261.—SEcrions ALONG THE FAvuT In Fic. 260, 
1, Section along the upcast side; 2, Section along the downthrow side, 
Dying out of Faults.—Dislocation may take place either by 
a single fault or as the combined effects of two or more, Where 
there is only one fault, one of its sides may be pushed up or let 
down, or there may be a simultaneous opposite movement on either 
side. In such cases, there must be a gradual dying out of the 
dislocation towards either end; and there will usually be one or 
more points where the displacement has reached a maximum. 
Sometimes, as may be seen in coal-workings, a fault with a consider- 
able maximum throw splits into minor faults at the terminations. 
In other cases the offshoots take place along the line of the main 
