
686 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.  [Boox VI. _ 
thickness of 800 feet and upwards. Between Brandon Head and Dingle 
Bay a thick mass of strata on the coast must, from the comparatively few 
fossils obtained from it, be held to represent. Upper Silurian formations. 
Scandinavia and Basin of the Baltic.1—The broad hollow which, 
running from the mouth of the English Channel across the plains of 
northern Germany into the heart of Russia, divides the high grounds of 
the north and north-west of Europe from those of the centre and south, 
separates the European Silurian region into two distinct areas. In the 
northern of these we find the Lower and Upper Silurian formations 
attaining an enormous development in Britain, but rapidly diminish- 
ing in thickness towards the north-east, until in aie south of Scandinavia 
and the Gulf of Finland they reach only about =;th of that depth. In 
these latter tracts, too, they have on the whole escaped so well from the - 
dislocations, crumplings, and metamorphisms so conspicuous to the 
south-west, that to this day they remain over wide spaces nearly as 
horizontal and soft as at first. In the southern area Silurian rocks 
appear only here and there from amidst later formations, and almost 
~ everywhere present proofs of intense subterranean movement. ‘Though 
sometimes attaining considerable thickness they are much less fossili- 
ferous than those of the northern part of the region, except in the basin 
of Bohemia, where an exceedingly abundant series of Silurian organic © 
remains has been preserved. 
In the south of Scandinavia (Mjésen See, Malmé, Gothland) the 
Lower and Upper Silurian rocks attain a united thickness of not more 
than about 1200 feet, yet are said to contain representatives of all the 
leading subdivisions of the British series. The, following table exhibits 
the Silurian succession in the western part of the Baltic basin with the 
supposed English equivalents : 
Sandy beds, with Pterinea retroflewa, Rhynchonella nucula, ; 
Or Phonnti retusa, Beyrichia tuberculata. S. Gothland ‘hau pper Ludlow. 
Upper Malmo limestone . 
Upper Graptolite marls, Monograptus (Graptolithus) priodon 
(Iudense) abundant . 
Lower Malmo limestone, with large Orthocerata having 
central siphuncles 
= = Lower Ludlow. 
Encrinital schists with orthoceratites and Gomphoceras 
pyriforme . 
Coral limestone (Omphyma turbinatwm and other 7 
corals). ; 
Pentamerus limestone (Pentamerus “ oblongus, P. galeatus, 
Stricklandinia lens, Leptxna transversalis, EHncrinurus Tania 
punctatus, &e.)  . =e 
Lower argillaceous schists 
Calcareous sandstones (Brachiopod schist) containing a 
mixture of Llandovery forms, as Meristella angustifrons, 
and many large smooth Pentameri . 
Calcareous and argillaceous flagstones (Trinucleus schist), Ca 
Orthis calligramma, O. testudinaria, O. pecten, Leptena 
sericea, Conularia quadrisulcata, Asaphus capansus, Trinu- 
cleus concentric us, We. : ‘ 
Chasmops limestone and Encrinital schists . } 
' Consult Angelin’s “ Palsontologica Suecica ;”’ Kjerulf, “Norges Geologi,” 1879, 
or “ Geologie des Siidl. Norvegen’ ' Gurlt), 1880. : Linnarsson, Zeitsch. Deutsch. Geol. 
Gesell, xxy.675; Geol. Mag. 1876, pp. 145, 241 ; Geol. Foreningens Stockholm. Férhandl. 
1877, 1879 ; Lundgren, Neues Jahrb, 1878, p. 699, 
