936 
409, 410, 414, 415, 418, 887; erratic 
blocks from, "412; effects of cutting 
forests among, 457; inversions of, 518, 
916 ; fan-shaped structure in, 519,917 : 
crumpled rocks of, 520, 916; geological 
structure of, 918 
Alps (continued), Archean rocks of, 645; 
Silurian (greywacke zone), 691; De- 
vonian, 703; Permian, 757; Trias, 760, 
761, 768 ; Jurassic, 800 ; Cretaceous, 829 ; 
Eocene, 851; Oligocene, 860; Miocene, 
862; Pleistocene phenomena in, 833; 
887, 898 
Alteration of rocks by weathering, 333; 
by underground water, 351 
Alum-slate, 123, 126, 741 
Alumina, occurrence of, in earth’s crust, 
58, 67; in river water, 365 
Alveolina, 847 
Alveolites, 678, 696 
Amaltheus (Ammonites), 786, 787%, 788*, 
793 * 
Amazon, alluvium of the, 383 ; sea coloured 
by, 391, 435 
Amber-beds of Konigsberg, 860 
Amblypterus, 757 
Ambonychia, 665, 669*, 679 * 
American Continent, average height of, 
36; plains of, 41; mountains, 36; pla- 
teaux, 40, 922 ; coast- line, 41 
America, North, geological history of, 919 ; 
basalt plains of,. 256, 565, 919; dry 
climate of Western, 319, 320, 325; 
sandy deserts of, 325; deep rock- 
weathering, 338; river drainage of, 361 ; 
alluvial fans of, 381; river and lake- 
terraces of, 383, 900; caiions of, 378, 
922; lagoonson coast of, 387 ; abundant 
lakes of, 391; frozen rivers and lakes of, 
401; mountain-structure in, 914, 919 
—— . -, Archean rocks of, 638, 
645; Cambrian, 659; Silurian, 661, 692; 
Devonian, 
718; Carboniferous, 749, 758; Per- 
mian, 758; Trias, 769; Jurassic, 800; 
Cretaceous, 810, 831; ‘Tertiary, 842, 
853; Eocene, 853; Miocene, 869; Plio- 
cene, 880; glaciation, 884, 899; terrace- 
deposits, 900; prehistoric deposits, 909 ; 
recent volcanic action in, 208, 209, 211, 
212, 216, 217, 233, 256, 260, 565, 919 
America, South, uprise of, 276-280; snow- 
line in, 403; volcanoes of, 208, 211, 212, 
216, 217, 233, 247; Silurian rocks in, 
693 
Ammonites, 763, 774, 786, 787%, 
791*, 793*, 808* 
Ammonites as type-fossils, 615 
Amorphospongia, 823 
Ampelitic (carbonaceous), 691 
Amphibia, fossil, 733, 753, 763 
Amphibols, 74 
Amphibolite, 121 
Amphibos, 880 


788*, 789%, 
INDEX, 

704; Old Red Sandstone, 
Amphicyon, 841, 861, 869 
Amphidromus, 857 
Amphilestes, 783 
Amphimeryx, 856 
Amphion, 664 
Amphipeltis, 718 
Amphispongia, 663 
Amphitherium, 783 
Amphitragulus, 841 
Amplexus, 722 
Ampyx, 664, 665* 
Amygdaloidal structure, 62, 89 
Amygdalus, 846 
Amygdules, 89 
Analcime formed in shale near an intrusive 
dyke, 578 
Anamesite, 148 
Ananchytes, 804, 805* 
Anatase, artificial formation of, 302 
Anatifopsis, 664 
Anchilophus, 856 
Anchitherium, 841, 861, 863, 869 
Anchor-ice, 111, 402, 425 
Anchura, 833 
Ancillaria, 856, 857, 862 
Ancyloceras, 807, 809* 
Ancyloceras Beds, 816 
Ancylotherium, 878 
Andalusite, 79 
Andalusite-schist, 579, 580 
Andes, snow-line of the, 403; volcanoes 
of, 208, 211, 212, 216, 217, 233, 247 
Andesine, 72 
Andesite (Hornblende), 144; (Augite), 147 
Angelina, 655 
Angiosperms, earliest forms of, 803 
Anhydrite, 84, 115: converted to gypsum 
by hydration, 333 
Animals, geological action of, 454; de- 
structive influence of, 454; conservative 
influence of, 456; reproductive influ- 
ence of, 463; calcareous formations of, 
463; siliceous formations of, 469; chances 
against the preservation of the remains 
of terrestrial, 611; evolution of, 625 
Anisotropic crystals, 100, 189 
Annelides, fossil, 649, 650, 657, 664, 722 ; 
value of in palwontological geology, 611 
Annularia, 726, 728* 
Anodonta, 717 
Anomia, 851 
Anomopteris, 760 
Anomozamites, 772, 828 
Anoplotherium, 855*, 856; value of, as a 
type fossil, 616 
Anopolenus, 651 
Anorthite, 72 
Anorthopygus, 826 
Antarctic climate, 26; glaciers, 407, 426 ; 
Ocean, diatom ooze of, 461 
Antholites, ion” 
Anthracite, 172; formed from ordinary 
coal by alteration, 306 
Anthracite-slate, 123 
