946 
Fifélien, 702 
Eleeolite, 78 
Elais, 84 
Elasmosaurus, 810 
Elateridex, fossil, 775, 787 
Elbe, ratio of discharge to rainfall, 361 ; 
mineral matter removed by, 366, 370 
Elephant as a type-fossil, 616 
Elephas, 871*, 872, 891, 906 
Elevation (see Upheaval) 
Elevation craters, 240 
Elk, Canadian, 898 ; Irish, 906, 907 
Eillipsocephalus, 649*, 651 - 
Elm, early forms of, 899, 838, 868, aye 
Llonichthys, T£0 
Elotheriwm, 869 
Elton Lake, composition of water of, 398 ; 
chemistry of, 399 
Eluvium, a name proposed for subaerial 
accumulations in situ, 322 
Elvan, 136, 553 
Embryonic development and _paleonto- 
logical history, 624 
Emys, 832, 857 
Enaliornis, 811, 840 
Enchodus, 807 
Encrinital Limestone, 168 
Encrinurus, 664 
Encrinus, 761, 762* 
Endoceras, 668 
Endomorphs, 61 
Engulfment of streams by collapse of roofs 
of caverns, 356 
Enhydriodon, 880 
Enstatite, 76 
Eintelodon, 856 
Entomis, 664, 669, 697* 
Eocene, definition of term, 836 
of the geological record, 838 
Eohippus, 842 
EHohyus, 842 
Hophyton, 649, 658 
Eopteris, 662 
Eosaur us, 749 
Hoscorpius, 732* 
EHozoon, 638 
Ephemera, 710 
Hpiaster, 823 
Epidote, 79 ; as an index of alteration, 107 
Epigene action, 196, 316 
Eppelsheim, bone-sand of, 866, 876 
Epsomites, 313 
Equatorial current, 421 
Jiquinoxes, precession of, 14 
Equisetites, 752, 786 
Tquisetum, 760, ir -Fa) 
Equus (see Horse ), 872; as a type-fossil, 
616 
Krinnys, 649%, 651 
Erosion, experiments in, 371; contempo- 
raneous, 480; by wind, 320; by rivers, 
371; by glaciers, 413; by the sea, 426 
Erratic blocks, 154, 412, 890, 892: de- 
ceptive, 413 
; division 
INDEX. 

Eruptive rocks, 129; considered as part of 
the earth’s crust, 534s relative ages See 
536 ; characters of, 587 
Ervillia. 867 
Eryma, 789 
Eryon, 789 
Escarpments may originate waterfalls, 
375 

, origin of, 927 
Essential minerals, 61 | 
Eskers, 892 
Estheria, 697*, 715, 724, 732, 762* 
Estuaries, bars of, 387 
Etampes, Sables a’, 858 
Ktna, phenomena “of, 198, 209; 210" 212: 
213, 214, 222, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 
248 
Eucalyptocrinus, 664 
Hucalyptus, 838, 855 
Euchilus, 856 
Huchirosaurus, 754: 
Eucladia, 664 
Hucyclus, 790 
Eulysite, 151 
Huomphalus, 666, 679*, 697, 723, 724* 
Euphoberia, 732 
Kurite, 125, 135 
Europe, mean height of, 36; great plain of, 
40; coast line of, 41: once united to 
Africa, 35; once partially disjoined from 
Asia, 35, "40; basalt-plateaux of, 258, 
261 ; sand-dunes of, 324, 325; terra- 
rossa of south- eastern, 338 : river-floods 
of, 359; river water of, 365; former - 
greater volume of rivers of, 384; coast 
alluvia of, 387; delta formations of, 
389, 390; abundant lakes of northern, 
391; Paleozoic geography of, 657, 685, 
694, 704, 706, 736, 751; Mesozoic geo- 
eraphy of, 764, 767, 784, 786, 802, 814, 
824; Tertiary geography of, 835, 837, 
845, 848, 854, 861, 870, 877 ; Post- tertiary 
eeography of, 883; elaciation of, 885 — 
Hurylepis, 749 
Hurynotus, 726* 
Kurypterus, 664, 693, 697*, 710, 724 
THurytherium, 856 
EHuthacanthus, 714 
Evaporation, relation of to rainfall and 
river-discharge, 360 
Kvolution, bearing of paleontology upon, 
623; slow and ‘unequal advance of, 619, 
626 
Excentricity of terrestrial orbit, 14, 23 
Exogyra, 774, 778*, 805, 806* 
Kxogyra columba province (Cretaceous), 
S14: 
Kixpansion of rocks, 284, 291, 319 
lixperimental geology, importance of, 289 ; 
examples of, 371, 427 - 
Kixplosions, volcanic, 206, 215, 
velocity of shock of, 267 
Katracrinus, 773, 774* 
Exudation veins, 90 
218, 240; 
