954 
Limburgite, 151 
Lime Carbonate (see Caleium Carbonate) ; 
Phosphate, 84; in shells, 169; in in- 
vertebrates, 608; in vertebrates, 608 
Sulphate (see Gypsum) 
Lime-tree, early species of, 847 
Limestone, petrographical characters of, 
111, 166; connected with serpentine, 
152; development of crystalline struc- 
ture in by infiltration, 107, 109, 112, 
155, 166, 167 
formed of organisms, 166; of 
annelides, 722; of polyzoa, 723; of 
crinoids, 722; of foraminifera, 838; de- 
posited chemically, 353 
conditions for formation of, 490, 
498; persistence of, 492, 741 
weathering of, 178 ; weathering 
reveals fossiliferous ‘nature, and re- 
lative purity of, 335, 337; solution of, 
in river-water, 369; red loam of 
weathered, 337; caverns dissolved out 
of, 355 






——_—— Hall’s experiments in fusion of, 
291; altered into marble, 291, 304; into 
dolomite, 305 
Limestone-shale (Carboniferous), 737 
Limnexa, 796, 855* 
Limonite, characters of, 68, 116; 
index of alteration, 107 
Limopsis, 847, 848 
Lingula, 655, 665, 669*, 679*, 718, 723, 756, 
873 
Lingula Flags, 655 
Lingulella, 651* 
Lions, early species of, 869; during Glacial 
Period, 891, 898, 905 
Liostracus, 658 
Lipari Islands, voleanic phenomena of, 208, 
210, 242 
Liparite, 137 
Liquid, inclusions of in crystals, 66, 96, 
132, 135 
Liquidambar, 838, 862*, 871 
Liquidity of rocks, 104 
Listriodon, 880 
Lithia-mica, 73 
Lithological characters, 86; insuflicient for 
the identification of formations, 614, 616 
Lithophaga, 798 
Lithornis, 840 
Lithostrotion, 721* 
Litorina, 874 
Litorinella, 866 
Littoral deposits, organic remains in, 606 
Lituites, 666, 679* 
Tivistona, 846 
Llandeilo Group, 668 
Llandovery Group, 661, 670, 674 
Loam, 340 
Loch -Fyne, manganese nodules on floor 
of, 440 
—— Lomond, temperature of, 392 
Lodes (see Mineral Veins) 
as an 
INDEX. 
Loess, formation of, 322, 384, 897; of 
Danube and Rhine plains, 897; of 
Thames Valley, 908; suggested connec- 
tion of with glaciation of Europe, 887 
Loess-Puppen, Loess-Manchen, 488 ~ 
Lonar Lake, of volcanic origin, 240 
Lonchopteris, 734 
London Clay, 845; flora of, 838 
Longmynd rocks, 654 
Longulites, 101 
Lonsdaleta, 722 
Lophiodon, 840, 857, 869 
Lophiomeryx, 856 
Lophodus, 765 
Louéche (Lenk), mineral springs of, 355 
Loup River Group (Tertiary), 881 
Lowther Group, 671 
Low-water mark, 419 
Loxodon, 880 
Loxomma, 733 
Loxonema, 668, 697, 723, 762 
Lucca, mineral waters of, 351 
Lucina, 697, 840*, 876 
Ludlow Group, 680 
Luidia, 789 
Lustre as a character of rocks, 92 
Lutra (Otter), 874, 876 
Lutrictis, 856 
Lycopods, earliest known, 662 
Lydian stone, 117, 161 
Lyginodendron, 735 
Lygodium, 803, 838 
Lynton Group, 699 
Lynx, during Glacial Period, 891, 906 
Lyriodendron, 806 
Lyrodesma, 676 
Lytoceras, 784, 789*, 791* 
Macacus, 880 
Macalubas, 234 
Machairodus, 864, 875,.878* 
Macigno, 852 
Maclurea, 666 
Macrocheilus, 697, 723 
Macromerite, 90 
Macropetalichthys, '705 
Macrornis, 840 
Macroscopic characters of rocks, 86, 176 
Macrostachya, 733 
Macrotherium, 863 
Macrourous crustaceans, 724 
Mactra, 862, 873 
Madison River, Montana, alluvial fans of, 
382 
Madrepores, earliest known, 804 
Maes, sediment in water of the, 370 
Maestricht Chalk, 827, 835 
Magma or paste of crystalline rocks, 87 
Magnesia-mica, 74 
Magnesian Limestone of Britain, 755 (see 
Dolomite) 
Magnesium, 59 
Magnesium Carbonate, precipitation of, 399 
Chloride, influence of in for- 


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