962 
Pygurus, 773, 804 
Pyrenees, Archean rocks of, 645; meta- 
morphism in the, 580 
Pyripora, 850 
Pyrites, 85; concretions of, 488; as a 
peirifying medium, 610 
Pyritous composition of rocks, 90 
Pyro-schists, 172 
Pyrula, 846, 862, 873 
Quader-Sandstein, 829 
Qua-qua-versal dip, 513, 516 
Quartz, occurrence of, 61, 65, 96, 98, 117, 
132, 135; water in cavities of, 296; 
absorbent power of, 299; artificial for- 
mation of, 300; veins of, an indication of 
alteration of rocks by circulating water, 
352 
Quartz porphyry, description of, 135; 
fluxion structure in, 105 
Quartz schists, 128 
Quartz trachyte, 137 
Quartzite, 117, 127; production of from 
sandstone, 304 
Quartzless porphyry, 138 
Quartzose composition of rocks, 90 
Quaternary Formations, 883 
Quebee Group, 692 
Queen Charlotte Islands, Cretaceous rocks 
of, 831, 833 
Queensberry Group, 671 
Quercus, 846, 859, 862 
Quinqueloculina, 848 
Rabbit, geological work of, 455 
Radiation, effects of rapid, 319 
Radiolarian-ooze, 168, 469 
Radiolites, 806 
Rain, formation of, 329; function of in the 
general denudation of the land, 341; 
chemical action of, 329; composition of, 
330; chemically active constituents of, 
331; mechanical action of, 31, 340; re- 
sults of unequal erosion of, 341 
Rainfall, character of, in relation to denu- 
dation, 340, 369, 445; proportion of 
discharged by rivers, 360; influence of 
forests on, 454, 457 
Rain-prints in strata, 485, 911 
Rain-wash, 154, 340 
Raised beaches, 19, 277; increase in ele- 
vation polewards, 280 
Randanite, 67 
Ranicot Beds, 853 
Raphiosaurus, 808 
Raphistoma, 666 
Rapilli, 162 
Rastrites, 663* 
Rats, geological action of, 455 
tauchwacke, 114 
Ravenna, retreat of coast-line from, 390 
Reading Beds (see Woolwich and Reading 
Beds) 
INDEX. 
Recent or Human Period in geology, 883, 
901 
Receptaculites, 663, 696 
Red, as a colour of rocks, 92 
‘Red Chalk” of Hunstanton, 820,828 — 
“ Red Earth” of calcareous districts, 337, 
458 
Red Marl (see Trias) 
Red River, ratio of discharge to rainfall, - 
361; rafts of the, 368 
Red rocks, usually unfossiliferous, 711, 752, 
755, 761, 765 
Redonia, 665, 667* 
Reducing action of rain, 332; of organic 
acids, 453 
Regur, or black soil of India, 458 
Reindeer, during Glacial Period, 891 
Reindeer Period, 909 
Remopleurides, 664 
Rennsseleria, 697 
Reproductive action in geology, 316 
Reptiles, age of, 776 
Retinite, 140 
Retzia, 762 
Réunion, submarine volcano of, 253 
Revinien (Systeme), 658 
Rhabdophyllia, 794: 
Rthadinichthys, 740 
Rhetic Beds, 766 
Rhamnus (Buckthorn), 862 
Rhamphorhynchus, 778, 782* 
Rhine, mineral matter in water of the, 365, 
366, 370; audible transport of gravel on 
bed of, 367; suspended sand in, 372; 
loess of, 322, 384, 897; delta of, 389; 
gorge of, 375; alteration of channel of 
at Schaffhausen, 378; ancient history of 
valley of, 861 
Rhineland, Devonian rocks of, 701; vol- 
canoes of, 209, 210, 255 
Rhinoceros, 856, 863, 898, 906 
Rhinolophus, 856 
Rthizodopsis, 744: 
Rhizodus, 724, 726* 
Tthizomys, 880 
Rhodea, 735 
Rhodocrinus, 722 
Rhone, area of basin of, 444; slope of, 
363; proportion of mineral matter in 
water of, 366, 370, 444 ; annual discharge 
of sediment, 444; floods of, 359; rate of 
erosion of, 444; filtered by Lake of 
Geneva, 373, 392; Mediterranean delta 
of, 390; erratic blocks of, 412; calcareous 
deposit at mouth of, 437 
Rhus, 862 
Rhynchonella, 665, 669*, 679*, 696, 723, 
762, 773, 775*, 805*, 874 
Ithynchosaurus, 763 
Rhyolite, 137; Archean, 640, 643 ; Silu- 
rian, 668 
Rill-marks in strata, 484 
Rilly beds (Paris), 848 
Rivers, sources of supply of, 358; subter- 
