INDEX. 
Stratification-planes, in relation to schistose 
structure, 307; in relation to weathering, 
335 
Stratified rocks, 109; shallow-water origin 
of, 608 
Stratified structure, 88, 154 
Stratigraphy, principles of, 631 
Stratodus, 807 
Streaked structure, 88; of trachytes, &c., 
Esepared with foliation of schists, 
7 
Strephodes, 672 
Strephodus, 775 
Strepsodus, 731* 
_ Streptorhynchus, 696 
Striation, glacial, 414, 885 
Stricklandinia, 665, 670 
Strike of strata, 512; relation of to curva- 
ture and cleavage, 515, 521 
Stringocephalus, 697, 698* 
_Stringocephalus Limestone, 702 
Stromatopora, 663 
Strombodes, 664 
Stromboli, 208, 210, 217 
Strombus, 862 
Strophalosia, 753 
Strophomena, 665, 669*, 679*, 696 
Structures of rocks, 86 
Stylacodon, 801 
Stylocenia, 850 
Stylolites, 313, 490 
Styloneurus, 664, 712 
Styrax, 866 
Sub-apennine series (Pliocene), 877 
Sub-carboniferous rocks, 750 
Sublimation, nature of, 297; at volcanoes, 
202, 229 
Submerged forests, 281 
Subsequent eruptive rocks, 535, 538 
Subsidence at volcanoes, 232, 243, 561; 
during earthquakes, 273; secular, 281; 
in excess of upheaval, 912; proofs of 
intermittent, 282, 722, 742; causes of, 
284; connected with deposition, 287; 
rise of temperature with, 289, 291; 
induces plication, 314; induces meta- 
morphism, 303 ; influences flow of rivers, 
364; affects sedimentation, 498 ; affects 
denudation, 449,912; favourable to pre- 
servation of remains of marine fauna, 
607 
Subsoil, 155; passes up into soil, 339, 
341 
Subulites, 666 
Succinea, 875, 898 
Suez Canal, Bitter Lakes of, 400 
Suffioni, 235 
Suffolk Crag, 873 
Sulcoretepora, 723 
Sulphates in nature, 84; in rain, 330; in 
river water, 365 ; in the sea, 34; reduced 
to sulphides by organic matter, 332, 
453 

967 
Sulphides in nature, 85; formed artificially, 
Sulphur in earth’s crust, 57, 59, 63; at 
voleanoes, 235; beds of formed in the 
wet way, 861; resulting from reduction 
of gypsum, 332 
Sulphur-springs, 351 
Sulphuric acid, 60, 64; at volcanoes, 202, 
239; in rain, 330; corrosion by, 330 
Sulphurous springs, 123 
Sumach, fossil species of, 871 
Sumbawa, great eruption of, 217, 219 
Sumter Group (Tertiary), 880 
Sun, density of the, 8; composition of, 10, 
11; influence of in geological changes, 
19, 51, 195 
Sun-cracked surfaces of strata, 484, 911 
Sunlight, effect of on minerals, 318 
Superposition, order of, 500, 614; proved 
by fossils, 616; fundamentally important 
in paleontology, 622, 631 
| Supra-corallian beds, 794 
Sus, 864, 873, 898 
Swallow-holes, 355 
Sweden (see Scandinavia) 
Switzerland (see also Alps), temperature 
of lakes in, 392; Miocene lakes of, 394; 
glaciers of, 404; Archean rocks of, 645; 
Silurian, 691; Devonian, 703; Trias, 
768; Jurassic, 798, 800; Cretaceous, 
829; Hocene, 851; Oligocene, 860; 
' Miocene, 867; glaciation of, 412, 887, 
898 ; old lake dwellings of, 909 
Syenite, 137 
Syenite-porphyry, 139 
Syllzmus, 807 
Symplocos, 846 
Syncline, 517, 914 
Synocladia, 753 
Syringodendron, 733 
Syringophyllum, 688 
Syringopora, 664 
Table-lands, types of, 40, 924; of deposit, 
40; of erosion, 40, 451; erosion of into 
systems of hills and valleys, 924 
Tachylite, 149 
Teniopteris, 752, 760*, 771* 
Tale, 81 
Tale-schist, 120, 126 
Talpa (mole), 875 
Tancredia, 793 
Tangles protect a coast-line, 456 
Tapes, 863* 
Tapir, 868, 873 
Tapiroid mammals, early forms of, 841 
Tapirulus, 856 
Tarrannon Shale, 676 
Tassello, 852 
Taunusien, 702 
Tazxites, 792, 860 
Taxocrinus, 664 
Taxodium, 859, 871 
