CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES BY MEANS OF GENERIC RADICALS. 



335 



hydrate of propylene is almost certainly identical with the alcohol derived from 



© 



acetone, which is 



CH 

 or qtt 3 [ 0. The constitution of hydrate 



of butylene has not been directly ascertained, but as it is obviously metameric with 



butylic alcohol, and as it is in the highest degree improbable that its C atoms are 



CH ) 

 arranged in a different way, we may safely assume that its formula is „ tt [ 0, 



In all these bodies we have the radical _©. 



© 

 | 0, and from the similarity of the method by which the others are pro- 

 duced, it is reasonable to infer that they are similarly constituted. If so, while 

 the " true" alcohols have the water residue united to what we may call a 

 terminal C atom, the olefine hydrates have the water residue united, not to this, 

 but to the C atom next to it. As both alcohols give the olefine by dehydration, 

 the carbon equivalents deprived of HO and H, must be those which are combined 

 with HO, the one in the one, and the other in the other. Thus : — 



0-(p-©-®-H 2 O = ©-©-©-®, and ©-(jD-©-®-H 2 = ©-®-©-©, 

 ©© © © © © 



Olefine Hydrate. 



True Alcohol. 



Olefine. 



Olefine. 



So that 



-©-© (C 2 H 3 )' must be the generic radical of the olefines. As the 



© 



true alcohols are formed from the aldehydes, or, as they may be called, the formo- 



ketones (as produced by distilling a mixture of formiate of lime with another lime 



CH ) 

 salt), so we may presume that the alcohols -n 3 [ ®, may be produced from the 



aceto-ketones (the ketones formed by distilling acetate of lime with other lime 

 salts), and the same is no doubt the case with all the other genera of pseudo- 

 alcohols of the form R' 2 0. (HCO)', (CH 3 CO)', (C 2 H 5 CO)', &c, becoming (H©'), 

 (CH 3 ©)', (C 2 H 5 ©)', &c. The same considerations would, of course, apply to other 

 series besides that of completely saturated bodies, but it is unnecessary to do more 

 than mention this as Linnemann's benzhydrol (C 6 H 5 ) 2 stands, as yet, alone as a 

 pseudo-alcohol of this class among non-saturated bodies. 



VOL. XXIV. PART II. 4 X 



