%6 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS. 
38. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 
MINERALS. 
Tue chemical properties of minerals are of two kinds. (1) 
Those of the chemical composition of minerals, (2) those de- 
pending on their chemical reactions, with or without fluxes, in- 
cluding results obtained by means of the blowpipe. 
1. CuEmicaL CoMposITION. 
All the elements made known by chemistry are found in 
minerals, for the mineral kingdom is the source of whatever 
living beings—plants and animals—contain or use. A list of 
these elements, as at present made out, is contained in the fol- 
lowing table, together with the symbol for each used in stating 
the composition of substances. These symbols are abbreviations 
of the Latin names for the elements. A few of these Latin 
names differ much from the English, as follows : 
Stibium Sb = Antimony | Kalium K = Potassium 
Cuprum Cu = Copper Argentum Ag = Silver 
Ferrum Fe = Iron Natrium Na = Sodium 
Plumbum Pb = Lead Stannum Sm ==) Dine 
Hydrargyrum Hg = Mercury Wolframium W = Tungsten 
TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS. 
Aluminum Al 27°4 | Columbium (Niobium) Cb (Nb) 94 
Antimony Sb 120 | Copper Cu 63°4 
Arsenic As 75 | Didymium D 144°8 
Barium Ba 137 =| Erbium E 163°9 
Bismuth Bi 210 | Fluorine i 19 
Boron B 11 Gallium Ga 68 ? 
Bromine Br 80 | Glucinum (Beryllium) G (Be) 94 
Cadmium Cd 112 | Gold Au 197 
Cesium Cs 135 | Hydrogen “HH 1 
Calcium Ca 40 | Indium In 113°4 
Carbon C 12 | Iodine I 127 
Cerium Ce 138 | Jridium Ir 198 
Chlorine Cl on). | iron: Fe 56 
Chromium Or 52 2| Lanthanum La 1839 
Cobalt Co 58°8! Lead Pb 207 
