IRON. 179 
72°4=100. Infusible before the blowpipe. Yields a yellow 
glass when fused with borax in the outer flame. 
Diff. ‘The black streak and strong magnetism distinguish 
this species from the following. 
Obs. Magnetic iron ore occurs in extensive beds, and also 
in disseminated crystals. It is met with in granite, gneiss, 
mica schist, clay slate, syenyte, hornblende and chlorite 
schist ; and also sometimes in limestone. 
The beds at Arendal, and nearly all the Swedish iron ore, 
consist of massive magnetic iron. At Dannemora and the 
Taberg in Southern Sweden, and also in Lapland at Kurun- 
avara and Gelivara, there are mountains composed of it. 
In the United States it constitutes extensive beds, in Ar- 
chean rocks, i Warren, Hssex, Clinton, Orange, Putnam, 
Saratoga and Herkimer counties, New York: and in Sussex 
and Warren counties, in New Jersey. Smaller deposits occur 
in the several New England States and Canada. Also found 
at Magnet Cove, in Arkansas; in California, in Sierra 
County, and elsewhere. It exists with hematite in the Iron 
Mountains of Missouri. 
Masses of this ore, in a state of magnetic polarity, consti- 
tute what are called lodestones or native magnets. They are 
met with in many beds of the ore. Siberia and the Hartz 
have afforded fine specimens ; also the Island of Elba. They 
also occur at Marshall’s Island, Maine; also near Providence, 
Rhode Island, and at Magnet Cove, in Arkansas. The 
Jodestone is called magnes by Pliny, from the name of the 
country, Magnesia (a province of ancient Lydia), where it 
was found ; and it hence gave the terms magnet and aii 
netism to science. 
Franklinite. 
Isometric. In octahedral and dodecahedral crystals. Also 
coarse granular massive. Color iron-black; streak dark 
reddish-brown. Brittle. H.=5'5-('°5. G.=4°85-5'1. Usually 
is attracted by the magnet. 
Composition. General formula lke that of magnetite, 
RR O,, but having zinc and manganese replacing part of the 
iron, as indicated in the formula (Fe, Zn, Mn) (Fe, Mn) O, 
A common variety corresponds to Fe, O, 67 6, FeO 5°8, Zn O 
p05 ovin.@ 9-7 ==100: 
B.B. with soda on charcoal a zine coating is obtained ; a 
