188 DESCRIPTIONS OF MINERALS. 
MANGANESE. 
The common ores of manganese are the oxides, the car- 
bonate, and the silicates. There are also sulphides, an 
arsenide, and phosphate. They have a specific gravity be- 
low 5:2, 
Manganese Sulphides and Arsenide. 
Alabandite or Manganbiende. A manganese sulphide Mn§, of an 
iron-black color, green streak, submetallic lustre. H.—3°5-4. G.= 
3°9-4:0. Crystals, cubes and regular octahedrons. From the gold 
mines of Nagyag, in Transylvania. 
Hauerite. A sulphide, Mn 82, containing twice the proportion of 
sulphur in the last. Color reddish brown and brownish black, re- 
sembling blende. H.=4. G.—3°46. From Hungary. 
Kaneite is a manganese arsenide, of a grayish-white color, and 
metallic lustre, which gives off alliaceous fumes. G.=5'5d. From 
Saxony. 
Pyrolusite.—_Manganese Dioxide. 
Trimetric. In small rectangular prisms, more or less 
modified. JAJ=93° 40’. Sometimes 
fibrous and radiated or divergent. Of- 
ten massive and in reniform coatings. 
Color iron-black; streak black, non- 
metallic. H.=2-25 G.=48. 
Composition. Mn O, = Manganese 
63°2, oxygen 36°8=100. A minute 
portion of it imparts to a borax bead 
a deep amethystine color while hot, 
which becomes red-brown on cooling. It yields no water 
in a matrass. 
Diff. Differs from psilomelane by its inferior hardness, 
and from ores of iron by the violet glass with borax. 
Obs. This ore igs extensively worked in Thuringia, Mo- 
ravia, and Prussia. It is common in Devonshire and Somer- 
setshire, in England, and in Aberdeenshire. In the United 
States it is associated with the following species in Ver- 
mont, at Bennington, Brandon, Monkton, Chittenden, and 
Irasburg; it occurs also in Maine, at Conway, and Plain- 
field in Massachusetts ; at Salisbury and Kent, in Conn., 
on hematite ; on Red Island, in the Bay of San Francisco 5 
at Pictou and Walton, Nova Scotia; near Bathurst, in 
New Brunswick. 


