UNISILICATES. 259 
Barre, Brookfield, and Brimfield, Mass.; Dover, Dutchess 
County, Roger’s Rock, Crown Point, Essex County. N. Y.; 
Franklin, N. J. Cinnamon-colored crystals occur at Carlisle, 
Mass., transparent, and also at Boxborough ; with ido- 
erase at Parsonsfield, Phippsburg and Rumford, Me. ; at 
Amherst, N. H.; at Amity, N. Y., and Franklin, N. J.; 
at Dixon’s Quarry, seven miles from Wilmington, Del., in 
fine trapezohedral crystals. Melanite is found at Frankhn, 
N. J., and Germantown, Penn. Chrome garnet is found 
in Orford, Canada. Colophonite is abundant at Willsbor- 
ough and Lewis, Essex County, N. Y.: it occurs also at 
North Madison, Conn. 
The garnet is the carbuncle of the ancients. The ala- 
bandie carbuncles of Pliny were so called because cut and 
polished at Alabanda, and hence the name Almandine now 
muse. The garnet is also supposed to have been the hya- 
cinth of the ancients. 
The clear deep-red garnets make a rich gem, and are 
much used. ‘Those of Pegu are most highly valued. They 
are cut quite thin, on account of their depth of color. The 
cinnamon stone is also employed for the same purpose. 
Pulverized garnet is sometimes employed as a substitute 
for emery. 
Pliny describes vessels, of the capacity of a pint, formed 
from large carbuncles, ‘‘devoid of lustre and transpa- 
rency, and of a dingy color,” which probably were large 
garnets. 
Zircon. 
Dimetric. ZA 7=132°10'; 1A1=123°19’. Cleavage parallel 
to J, but imperfect. Usually in crystals ; but also granular. 

1 2. 
<i> 
= Ly 
Color brownish red, brown, and red, of clear tints; also 
yellow, gray, and white. Streak uncolored. Lustre more 
or less adamantine. Often transparent ; also nearly opaque. 
Fracture conchoidal, brilliant. H.=7'd. G.=4:0-4:8. 
