INDEX. 



325 



Smithers, Capt., measurement of 



icebergs by, '210 

 Snow, misapprehensions regarding, 

 40 

 ,, influence of, 40 

 ,, amount melted, 41 

 ,, influence on climate, 41, 45 

 ,, melting not proportional to 



heat received, 40 -5.") 

 ,, melting misconception re- 

 garding, 47 

 ,, conservation of, 46 

 , , permanent in northern hemi- 

 sphere at sea level, 70 

 ,, a permanent source of cold, 



84 

 ,, perpetual without high 

 lands, 87 

 Snow-fall, why great at south pole, 

 79 

 , , in relation to glaciation, 

 85 

 South Georgia, heat received from 

 sun, 44, 48 

 ,, under glacial con- 



ditions, 113 

 South Pole, why the ice must he 

 thick there, 78 -81 



,, probable thickness of 



ice at, 227,241,245 



,, ice at below freezing 



point, 227 

 ,, greatest thickness of 



ice there indepen- 

 dent of amount of 

 snowfall, 236 

 ,, mode of dispersion of 



ice from, 233 

 South-polar ice-cap, Mr. Wallace 



on, 78 

 South Shetland under glaciation, 



113 

 Southern Europe, deposits of, 188 

 Southern hemisphere warmer than 



northern. .'!.'! 

 Space, temperature of, an important 

 factor, 19 

 ,, Prof. Langley on tempera- 

 ture of, 20 

 ,, Pouillet and Herschel on 

 temperature of, 20, 

 21 

 ,, temperature of, 258 



Spectrum analysis of stellar 



motions, on, 313 

 Spencer, Mr. Herbert cited, 288 

 Spitzbergen, interglacial beds of, 



194 

 Star-clusters, formation of, 309 

 Stars of great velocities, why not 



observed, 312 

 Stellar space, on bodies moving in, 



286 

 Stellar bodies, motions of, con- 

 verted into heat by collision, 301 

 Stewart, Prof. Balfour, on radia- 

 tion, 22 

 ,, on radiation through 



plates, 261 

 Stockwell, Mr., on obliquity of 

 ecliptic, 4 

 ,, formula? of eccen- 



tricity, 39 

 Stoney, Mr. Johnstone, cited, 287, 



288 

 Stratified rocks, age of, as deter- 

 mined by denu- 

 dation, 277 

 age of, 278 

 , , evidence as to age 



of earth, 267 

 Submergences, oscillations of sea- 

 level in relation 

 to, 139 

 ,, objection as to the 



number of, 139 

 ,, number unknown, 



139 

 Succinea putris, 184 

 Sun, minimum age of, determined 

 by that of the earth, 2-0 

 ,, loss of heat, estimate of, 290 

 ,, probable origin and age of, 



282 

 ,, how original temperature ob- 

 tained, 283 

 ,, nebulous mass of, how super- 

 heated, 283 

 Sun's heat, origin and age of, 264 

 ,, as derived from gravi- 

 tation, 265 

 Surface temperature of Antarctic 



ice, 225 

 Sweden, mammoth remains found 



at, 186 

 Switzerland, interglacial beds, 133 



