INDEX 



573 



Volcanic eruptions, Algonkian, 362 ; Car- 

 boniferous, 417 ; Cretaceous, 480, 482 ; 

 Devonian, 399 ; Eocene, 506 ; Jurassic, 

 459; Mesozoic, 483; Miocene, 513; 

 Ordovician, 377 ; Permian, 431 ; Plio- 

 cene, 519, 520 ; Triassic, 445. 



Volcanic, explosions, 38 ; glass, 46 ; heat, 

 source of, 58 ; islands, 55, 56 ; materials 

 on the sea-bottom, 52 ; mud, 176 : neck, 

 274, 275* ; products, 41, 50, 53 ; rocks, 

 189, 274 ; steam, origin of, 59. 



Volcanoes, defined, 34 ; distribution of, 

 34 ; intermittency of, 60 ; relation to 

 coast lines, 36 ; relation to mountain 

 chains, 36 ; phenomena of, 36 ; sub- 

 marine, 55. 



Voltzia, 437, 449*. 



Voluta, 488. 



Volutolithes, 504*. 



Vultures, fossil, 503. 



Waagenoceras, 434. 



Wading birds, fossil, 492, 503. 



Walchia, 432, 449. 



Waldheimia, 465. 



Walnuts, fossil, 502, 515. 



Warren River, 531. 



Warsaw substage, 409. 



Wasatch Mountains, 332, 338 ; Algon- 

 kian of, 363 ; Jurassic of, 458 ; origin 

 of, 483 ; Permian of, 430 ; Pleistocene 

 uplift of, 534. 



Wasatch stage, 496, 499^ 505. 



Washita stage, 475. 



Wasps, fossil, 442, 465. 



Waterfalls, 322. 



Water-hog, fossil, 538. 



Water-lime stage, 385, 387^ 



Water-parting, 326. 



Wave pressure, 116. 



Waverly Beds, 411. 



Waves, destructive work of, 116. 



Wealden stage, 484, 493. 



Weasels, fossil, 508, 517. 



Weathering of rock, 72. 



Wenlo'ck limestone, 388. 



West Indies, 512, 514. 



Whales, fossil, 506, 517. 



White Jura, 457. 



White River stage, 496, 507-)% 



Wichita beds, 428, 430. 



Wild dog (of Australia), 539. 



Willis, B., 256, 342. 



Willows, fossil, 486, 502. 



Wind, destructive work of, 85. 



Wind drift, 225. 



Wind gap, 328. 



Wind River substage, 496, 499, 506. 



Wisconsin stage, 529, 5307. 



Wolves, fossil, 517, 524. 



Woodcock, fossil, 503. 



Woodpeckers, fossil, 516. 



Worms, Cambrian, 372. 



XlPHODONTS, 509. 



Yampa River, 325. 

 Yang-tze-kiang River, delta of, 142. 

 Yellowstone Canon, 91; National Park, 



5 1 . 5 6 - 91. 96, 128, 129, 203, 514, 519. 

 Yews, fossil, 502. 

 Youth of rivers, 321 ; of topography, 302. 



Zamites, 449. 



Zanclodon, 455. 



Zeolites, 21. 



Z.englodon, 506. 



Zone, climatic, 461; stratigraphic, 354; 

 of fiowage, 256 : of flowage and fract- 

 ure, 256 ; of fracture, 256. 



