THERMAL WATERS OF ASIA MINOR. 89 



minute, which, along with the water from a cold spring near 

 by, is made to flow through the baths. There is a very sen- 

 sible odor of sulphureted hydrogen proceeding from the water 

 of this source, more especially as it issues forth from the moun- 

 tain; for there is a large amount of gas bubbling through the 

 small reservoir into which the water rises, accompanied with 

 a larger amount of vapor. As the water flows it leaves an in- 

 crustation of carbonate of lime, more or less colored with some 

 organic matter. This source is held in particular veneration 

 by the Greeks of the country, who usually assemble here twice 

 a year to commemorate the martyrdom of St. Patrice, which 

 was ordered by the proconsul of Broosa, and executed by his 

 being thrown into this almost boiling spring. 



The country is geologically made up of the older rocks, as 

 granite, gneiss, limestone, etc., a siliceous variety of the latter 

 overlying the other two ; in some parts, however, the lime- 

 stone is remarkably pure, and has doubtless furnished to these 

 waters that carbonate of lime so extensively deposited at the 

 base of this part of the mountain in the form of tufa, which, 

 for a mile or two of extent, rises several hundred feet above 

 the plain at the foot of the mountain. 



Physical Properties. — The water as taken from the source is 

 perfectly clear and transparent, and remains so when kept in 

 well -corked bottles, but otherwise a yellow deposit is soon 

 formed, which is probably crenate of lime. A slight odor of 

 sulphureted hydrogen, not perceptible when the water is cold. 

 The taste of the water when cold is in no way peculiar, and it 

 is very pleasant to drink. Specific gravity 1.00118. Tempera- 

 ture (atmosphere at 6Q° Fah.) 182° Fah., which varies but a 

 few degrees with the seasons. 



Chemical Composition. — The gas which escapes from the source 

 was collected in inverted bottles, well corked and sealed, and in 

 one thousand parts was found to contain 



Carbonic acid 886 



Nitrogen 99 



Oxygen 11 



Sulphureted hydrogen 4 



Solid contents in one litre of the water, 0.970 gramme. The 

 water is alkaline, and when concentrated to one third its bulk 

 gives a very sensible alkaline reaction with reddened litmus 



