THERMAL WATERS OF ASIA MINOR. 91 



Gas is said to escape abundantly from the source, just as in the 

 Kukurtlu source. 



Physical Properties. — It is clear and transparent, remaining 

 so in well-corked bottles; exposed to the air, it gradually be- 

 comes cloudy, and deposits a yellowish sediment. Has a slight 

 odor of sulphureted hydrogen when warm. Specific gravity 

 1.00116. Temperature (atmosphere at 67°) 184° Fah. 



Chemical Composition. — Solid contents 0.978 gramme in one 

 litre. The water when concentrated reacts strongly alkaline. 

 In one litre there are the following ingredients in grammes: 



Carbonic acid, free 2920 Lime 1378 



Carbonic acid, fixed 1875 Magnesia 0160 



Hydro-sulphuric acid 0010 Alumina 0005 



Sulphuric acid 2160 Silica 1100 



Chlorine 0112 Iron trace 



Soda 2650 Organic matter (crenic acid?).. .0402 



Potash 0130 



The combination of the acids and bases may be represented 

 in the following manner: 



Bicarbonate of soda 4070 Sulphate of alumina 0020 



Bicarbonate of lime 1790 Chloride of sodium 0192 



Bicarbonate of magnesia 0520 Hydro-sulphate of soda 0019 



Sulphate of soda 2000 Carbonate of iron trace 



Sulphate of potash 0225 Silica 1100 



Sulphate of lime 1660 Organic matter 0402 



Two baths are also supplied from this source, the one called 

 Yeni-Kaplidja and the other Kainardja. 



It will be seen that in physical properties and chemical 

 composition the water of this source is identical with that 

 of Kukurtlu; at which fact I was at first somewhat surprised, 

 as an approximate analysis, made some years ago by Dr. Ber- 

 nard, led me to look for a difference in the composition of these 

 waters; and it was not until my analysis was completed that I 

 became convinced that the waters of the Kukurtlu and Bademli- 

 Baghtsche sources were the same, making its way through dif- 

 ferent openings in the tufa. I would merely remark here that 

 the analysis made by Dr. Bernard must have been quite crude, 

 as among other things he gives to a litre of the Kukurtlu 

 Water 0.332 gramme of sulphureted hydrogen, water which 

 when cold has no hepatic odor, and has hardly a sensible 

 effect on lead-water. 



