x INTRODUCTION. 



many unique specimens of Asterolcpis from the Nairn 

 quarries. The well-known fish-bearing horizon of Dura 

 Den, Fifeshire, was first exhaustively explored under the 

 direction of the Rev. John Anderson, D.D. (author of Dura 

 Den, 1859), and the principal specimens obtained are now 

 in the British Museum, the Museum of Practical Geology, 

 and the University Museum, St. Andrews. Numerous 

 isolated discoveries in the Upper Old Red Sandstone 

 of the South of Scotland, now enriching the museums 

 of London and Edinburgh, were also made early in the 

 century by the Rev. James Noble, the Rev. Professor 

 J. Fleming, and others. 



In the South of Scotland both the Upper and Lower 

 Carboniferous formations furnish abundant remains of 

 Fishes and Amphibia, which have been known for a long 

 period, and are well represented in the Museums of 

 Glasgow, Edinburgh, and London. Among the earliest 

 collectors were Professor Fleming (the discoverer of Megal- 

 ichthys), Dr. S. Hibbert (the explorer of the Burdiehouse 

 Limestone), Lord Greenock (who investigated the Wardie 

 nodules), and Dr. Rankin, of Carluke (who especially 

 studied the Coal-Measures). Of these, the collections of 

 Fleming and Lord Greenock are now in the Museum of 

 Science and Art, Edinburgh ; that of Rankin, in the 

 Hunterian Museum, Glasgow; and that of Hibbert, un- 

 fortunately not traceable. Mr. James Thomson, F.G.S., 

 and Mr. John Young, F.G.S., of Glasgow, have made large 

 collections of Fishes and Amphibia from the Coal-Measures 

 of Lanarkshire; Mr. R. Craig, of Beith, has explored the 

 Carboniferous Limestone of Ayrshire, and obtained many 

 Selachian teeth ; the Geological Survey of Scotland has 

 made an important collection of fishes from the Calciferous 

 Sandstones of Eskdale, Dumfries ; and the British Museum 

 is indebted to Mr. Damon's experienced collector, Mr. Jex, 

 for a very fine series from the same formation and locality. 

 Dr. Hunter, of Braidwood, also has a large collection of 



