
432 
_ Ascension theory of ore-formations, 270 
Ash, 53 
Asphalt, 72 
Assimilation of rocks by granite, etc., 
TOS; (94, 217,222 
Association of ores in lodes, 249 
Augen-gneiss, 77 
Augite, 18 ; -andesite, 49 ; -diorite, 48 ; 
-gneiss, 77; -syenite, 46 
Augitite, 52 
Aureole, metamorphic, 216 
Auriferous deposits, 233 
Autogenous veins, 206 
Auvergne, lakes of, 420, 422 
Avanturine, 5 
BACK of lode, 247 
Balas-ruby, 8 
Ball-and-socket joints, 149 
Ball-granite, 124 
Banded lodes, 245 
Barytes, 29 
Basalt, 50, 86, 87, 89; joints in, 148, 
204 ; weathering of, 153 ; soil derivea 
from, 380; -pumice, 51 ; -tuff, 54 
Basaltic hornblende, 17, 19 
Base in igneous rocks, 35, 36 
Base-level of erosion, 404, 405, 407, 
412, 414 
Basic igneous rocks, 40, 85, 86 
Basic secretions in granite, 42 
Basin in valley of Rhine above Bingen, 
176 
Basins, 414 
Bastite, 19, 49 
Batholiths, 186 ; metamorphic effects of, 
216 
Bedded veins, 234, 255 
Bed or stratum, 108; lenticular form 
of, III 
Bed-rock soils, 376 
Beds, extent and termination of, IIo 
Belgium, plain of erosion in, 400, 404 
Bendigo Goldfield, 255 
Biotite, 20; -andesite, 49 ; -granite, 42 
Bismuth ores, 249 
Bitter spar, 29 
Bituminous shale, 72 
Bituminous slate of Mansfeld, 263 
Blaafjeld, Norway, 230 
INDEX 
Blackband ironstone, 29, 68 
Black-earth of Russia, 391 
Biack. Forest, 270, 402 
Blind coal, 71 
Blocks, volcanic, 53 
Bloodstone, 5 
Blown sand, 58 — 
Bog iron-ore, 67, £8 
Bohnerz, 258 
Bombs, volcanic, 53 
Bornite, 249 
Bosses, 189 
Bostonite, 46 
Boulder-clay, 63, 310, 345, 386 
Branching lodes, 242 
Breaks in succession, 181 
Breccia, volcanic, 53;  scree-, 
aqueous, 60; cataclastic, 81, 
207, 305 
Brecciated lodes, 246 
Brick-earth or -clay, 57, 62 
British Columbia, 229 
Broken Hill silver lode, 256 
Bronzite, 19 
Brown coal, 71 
Bunches of ore, 259 
Bytownite, 12, 13 
BCs 
170, 
CAIRNGORM, 5 
Caking coal, 71 
Calcareous concretions, 121, 
rocks, 82,92, 124; soils, 335 
Calcite, 28 
Calc-silicate hornfels, 77, 79, 217 
Calc-sinter, 65 
Calc-spar. See Calcite 
Caledonian Canal, 414 
Caledonian Mountains, 407 
California, sandstone dykes of, 211; 
placers of, 234 
Canary laurel, 98 
Canisp, 406 
Cannel-coal, 71 
Carbon, 31 
Carbonaceous limestone, 71; shale, 83 
Carbonates, 28 
Carboniferous limestone, 115, 147,179; 
system, ores of, 232, 259 
Carbonisation of fossils, 91 
Carinthia, ore-formations of, 236, 260 
124 ; 

