CHARACTER OF PRIMEVAL MAN. 619 



the Champlain epoch, have led to very moderate results, viz., 7,000 to 

 10,000 years. While these results can not be received with any confi- 

 dence, yet it is hoped that many such will continue to be made. 



In conclusion, we may say that we have as yet no certain knoAvledge 

 of man's time on the earth, unless we adopt C roll's theory of the Gla- 

 cial climate. It may be 100,000 years, or it may be only 10,000 years. 



II. — Character of Primeval Man. 



In regard to the second question, viz., the character of primeval 

 man, we will make but one remark. We have seen that the earliest 

 men yet discovered in Europe or America, though low in the scale of 

 civilization, were distinctively human, and not in any sense an inter- 

 mediate link between man and the ape. Nevertheless, we must not 

 forget that the cradle of mankind was probably in Asia. Man came to 

 Europe and America by migration. The intermediate link, if there 

 be any such, must be looked for in Asia. This question can only be 

 settled by a complete knowledge of the Quaternary of that country. 



In any case, man is the ruler only of the modern era. The presence 

 of man in Quaternary times must be regarded as an example under the 

 laiv of anticipation (p. 280). He only fairly established his supremacy 

 in the Recent epoch, and therefore the age of man and the Psychozoic 

 era ought to date from that time. 



