38 J 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



beyond is greatly obstructed by falls and heavy rapids, while passing 

 through a deep narrow gorge, where the rocky banks are so steep that 

 portages cannot be made, thus rendering its navigation with canoes 

 impossible. 



Few tributary streams enter the river below the portage. Among 

 the larger is a small river from the north, flowing in behind the 

 islands, about two miles above Fort George. The next is on the south 

 side behind the lowest island at the head of tide. One mile and a half 

 above the chute is a small river, thirty yards wide at its mouth, 

 coming from the south and called the A-che-gi Eiver. Three miles 

 and a half, and seven miles above the last on the same side, arc two 

 large- brooks named respectively A-na-mis-cat and Ni-min-se-tat 

 Eiveis. Four miles below the bend a small river twenty yards wide 

 at its mouth, called the Ne-co-pa-stick, also flows in from the south ; at 

 the bend a largo brook descends in a beautiful fall from the rocky hill 

 to the eastward, while in the upper bend and at the portage two large 

 brooks enter from the north. From its mouth to the portage the river 

 flows in a valley cut, out of* stratified marine clays and sands of Post 

 Tertiary age. The banks on the islands and shores near the mouth of 

 the river are composed chiefly of bluish white clay overlaid bj- a thin 

 deposit of yellow sand, showing cut faces on the islands and at 

 intervals along the shore ranging from ten to thirty feet in elevation 

 above the river. A few miles up the river the banks become higher 

 with thicker deposits of sand on top. Just above the first rapid an 

 exposure on the south bank gives thirty feet of clay and ten feet of 

 sand. 



Hay flats. On the islands at the head of tide the banks rise fifty feet above the 



river. At this place, on the north shore, are extensive low flats 

 covered with marsh hay. This is cut and transported to Fort George 

 in large boats and used to feed the cattle kept there during the winter. 

 Above the chute, the banks are often over sixty feet high, with forty 

 feet of stiff blue clay at the bottom, overlaid with sandy clay and sand. 



Fossils. Everywhere the lower clay beds hold fossils, the following being th& 



species found : Tellina grcenlandica, Beck, Saxicava rugosa, L., Mya 

 arenaria, L., Mya truncata, L.. Bucdnum tenue, Gray, and Mytilm 

 editlis, L. The upper sandy clay and sand beds contain very few 

 fossils, Saxicava rugosa, being only sparingly seen in them. 



At the bend below the portage, on the east side of the river, is a 



Bonider oiay deposit of boulder-clay, cut by the river, and showing a face of over 

 seventy-five feet in height. This was evidently deposited by the glacier 

 bahind, and protected by the steep gneiss-hills seen a short distance to 

 the eastward ; the boulder-clay forms a tail to those hills. The coun- 



