low.] JAMES' BAY. 39 J 



try on either side of the river, above its banks, is a slightly rolling 

 plateau of sand and clay, rising slowly inland, and broken through by 

 low, rounded knobs of gneiss. The greater part of this country has been Timber- 

 burnt over, and in such places is covered with a small second growth 

 of black and white spruce, aspen poplar and tamarac, with BanUsian 

 pine predominating on the sandy portions. None of these trees exceed 

 fifteen inches in diameter three feet from the ground. On the unburnt 

 portions and along the river valley the trees are larger, some being 

 eighteen inches in diameter fifteen feet from the ground. Here are 

 found white and black spruce, balsam and aspen poplar, small white 

 birch, tamarac and a few balsam spruce. 

 On the lower stretches of the river occasional low exposures of gneiss Rock exposure* 



- . iit , -. j i ■ along nver. 



outcrop from beneath the clays. As the stream is ascended these rise 

 higher and higher, until, upon the upper part, they form bold hills, 

 rieing at intervals above the sands and clays. The following are the 

 different exposures noted while ascending the river : On the north 

 shore, opposite Fort (jleorge, and below to the mouth of the river, are 

 a number of rock exposures, consisting chiefly of pink and grey fine- 

 grained orthoclase hornblende-gneiss, along with a coarse pink horn- 

 blende-gneiss holding large porphyritic crystals of bluish-white tri-g neiss 

 clinic felspar. Everywhere throughout these exposures are enclosures 

 of lenticular and partly rounded masses of fine-grained rock, composed 

 chiefly of black hornblende, probably segregations from the main mass. 

 Strike H". 80° W. 



On the south shore, behind Fort George, near the head of the island, 

 are finely-bedded bands of a dark fine-grained hornblende-gneiss, made 

 up of black hornblende and buff-weathering felspar, with little or no 

 quartz. Along with these are lighter bands, in which orthoclase pre- 

 dominates. Strike N. 85° W. 



At the mouth of the south channel are exposures of a dark horn- 

 blendic rock, netted by veins of lighter tine-grained gneiss, forming a 

 breccia ; also coarse, greyish-pink gneiss, made up chiefly of large, pale 

 crystals of orthoclase and dark hornblende, with very small quantities 

 of quartz. Strike N. 12° W. 



At the island in the first small rapid the rock is light-grey and pink 

 orthoclase hornblende-gneiss, containing lenticular masses of fine- 

 grained hornblende-schist. Strike N. 68° W. 



On the south shore, at the chute, is coarse grey hornblende-gneiss, 

 with thin bands and fragments of hornblende-schist, followed by thick 

 beds of massive hornblende-schist, interfoliated with thin bands of 

 light orthoclase-gneiss ; then grey and pink gneiss, with a dark-red 

 variety, made up of flesh-red orthoclase, black hornblende and quartz. 

 Strike N. 75° W. 



