low] .iames' bay. 45 j 



lar grow along the hillsides near Lake Ka-tan-i-wan an. The northern 

 limit of the mountain ash (Pyrus Americana, DC.) was reached on Lake 

 Pi-mi-ga-ma-chi, where a few low trees were observed. Everywhere 

 in the depressions and valleys between the hills are deposits of boulder Boulders, 

 clay, while scattered over the hills are immense quantities of boulders. 

 A curious ridge of packed boulders, forty feet wide, and rising from five 

 to fifteen feet above the general level, was seen running N. 10° E. from 

 the inlet of Lake Pi-mi-ga-ma-chi over a low hill. It was traced for a 

 distance of one mile to the edge of a deep swamp and apparently con- 

 tinued over the hill on the other side of the swamp. 



The rock throughout is chiefly a red syenitic gneiss, often granitic in Rocks 

 structure, composed of red orthoclase, black hornblende, with little or 

 no quartz. 



At the fall above Lake Kotaniwanan the rock is a coarse pink horn- 

 blende orthoclase gneiss. Strike S. *11° W. 



On an island in Lake Pimigamachi similar gneiss is exposed. Strike 

 S85°W. At the betid in Lake Awahagats is more of the same rock 

 without signs of stratification. On the portages past the rapids of the 

 seventeen mile stretch to Lake Ohomachichits are exposures of pink 

 hornblende orthoclase granitic gneiss. On the height of land portage 

 the rock is coarse and fine grained pink hornblende gneiss. Strike 

 S88° W. At the second rapid below Kabunskiwas Lake are exposures 

 of fine grained, highly contorted, micaceous orthoclase gneiss, showing 

 pink and grey bands. On the summit of the portage to Shatachiwan 

 Lake is a coarse-grained grey hornblende gneiss, containing porphyri- 

 tic crystals of pale pink orthoclase. 



Upper Big River. 



Shatachiwan Lake is about seven miles long from easl to west, with Route by th« 

 a wide bay on the south side, out of which the Big River flows. For River, 

 three miles from its eastern limit, the lake has been filled up by 

 alluvium brought down by the river. This forms a delta of low 

 islands covered with willows and separated from each other by narrow 

 shallow channels. 



In ascending the river from the lake its courses are. First, N. G0° 

 E. for ten miles and a half, then N. 30° E. for two miles and one 

 quarter, bending then to north for two miles, then N. 30° W. for three 

 miles and a quarter, followed by N. 60° E. for four miles and S. 60° E. 

 for three miles and three-quarters ; lastly N. 65° E. for fourteen miles, 

 where the route leaves the river by a small tributary called 

 Pa-ti-ta-wa-gau River which flows in from the north. 



For the first few miles abave the delta the river flows with an even 



