low] .iames' BAT. 55 J 



Almost everywhere are enclosures of a greater or less number of len- 

 ticular masses of hornblende schist, with bands of the same sometimes 

 highly shattered. The strike ranges from S. 30° W. to S. 80° W. 



Route from Richmond Gulf to Clearwater Lake. 



In latitude 5(5° 12' 30" a break in the sloping rocks of the 

 Manitounuck group, described by Dr. R. Bell in Report of Progress, 

 lSTY-TS, affords an outlet to a large salt water lake. This outlet, 

 called Richmond or Hazard Gulf, is two miles long, and not over four Richmond Gulf 

 hundred yards wide in its most contracted part. With the change of 

 tide the water rushes in and out through it with great velocity, 

 forming large whirlpools, a source of great danger in the navigation of 

 the channel with small craft. The sides of the channel are very steep 

 and rise from the seashore to over one thousand feet on the inner side. 



The Gulf Lake or Artiwinipec, often erroneously called Richmond Guit Lake. 

 Gulf, ha> the form of an isosceles triangle. The base on the south is 

 nineteen miles long, while the perpendicular from it to the 

 northern apex is twenty-three miles. It is surrounded by high hills. 

 On the west, sharp cliffs, formed by the broken faces of the Manito- 

 nieck rocks, which dip towards the sea, rise in places twelve hundred 

 feet above the water. The south and cast sides are bounded by lower 

 rounded hills of Laurentian and Huronian rocks in part flanked by 

 heds of limestone, sandstone and trap. These hills vary from four 

 to eight hundred feet in elevation. The surface of the lake is 

 broken by a number of high rocky islands, three of which are of con- 

 siderable extent. Small black spruce trees grow along the base of the 

 hills, in the low valleys between them and on many of the islands* 

 Everywhere else the rocky surface is partly covered only with a low 

 arctic flora. 



On the higher parts of the hills numerous patches of snow were seen 

 at the end of August. • 



The water of the lake is deep and clear, and probably abounds with 

 fish, judging from the presence of large numbers of seals and gulls 

 which feed upon them. In a small lake, which lies in a depression 

 of the hills between the Gulf Lake and the coast and empties into 

 the lake, the Esquimaux catch large quantities of a small species 

 of salmon which never exceed ten pounds in weight. The rise of 

 tide in the east bay is about twenty inches. 



At the head of the east bay, directly opposite to the outlet of the w £ e 1 r oh " tl ' wan 

 lake, is a small stream called Wi-ach-ti-wan River. 



Two miles from its mouth, on the north side of the bay, is the 

 entrance of the Clearwater River, which descends with many rapids 



