8 RANUNCULACE^E. 



large flowers of a golden yellow in all their parts. Stem 6 to 10 inches high, erect, 

 somewhat succulent, dichotomously branched above. Leaves large and sluning. 

 Used as a potherb in Spring. 



2. C. flabellifolia, Pur. Fan-leaved Marsh Marigold. 



Stem procumbent, many-flowered: haves' dilated-reniform : loba widely f-pread- 

 Ing, coarsely and acutely toothed; pediaicles. axillary, solitary-tlowercd; sepal* 

 obovate; capsules uncinate. 



8and spring onPokono mountain. Fursh. July and August. Stem a foot high. 

 Flowers yellow, middle sized. Allied to C. nutans found in Canada and in Siberia. 



8. TROLLIUS. Linn. Globe Flower. 



Germ, trol or trollen, globular: alluding to the form of the flower. 



Sepals colored 5 — 10 — 15, deciduous, petaloid. Petals 

 5 — 25, small, linear, tubular at base. Stamens numerous, 

 much shorter than the sepals. Pistils many. Follicles 

 numerous, sub-cylindric, sessile, many-seeded. — Smooth per- 

 ennials with palmately parted leaves, and large solitary 

 terminal flowers. 



1. T. LAXUs, Salisb. American Globe-flower. 



Leaves palmate, deeply cleft, cut dentate : sepals 5, oblong, spreading ; petals 16 

 to 25, shorter than the stamens, inconspicuous. 



Beep swamps and wet grounds ; rare. May — July. Stem a foot or more high. 

 Flowers terminal, large, yellowish, or orange colored. Follicles alout 10, crowned 

 with the persistent style. 



This is the only American species. Probably often mistaken for a specie* of 

 lianunculus. 



9. COPTIS. Salisb. Gold Thread. 



Gr. Ji-qpto, to cut; in allusion to the numerous divisions of the leaves. 



Sepals 5 — 7, colored, petaloid, deciduous. Petals 5 — 7 

 small, cucculate. Stamens numerous 20 — 25. Pistils 3 — 

 7, on slender stalks. Follicles 3 — 7, membranous, 4 — 8 

 seeded. — Low smooth perennial herbs with radical leaves, and 

 a long, slender, creeping rhizoma. 



1. C. tkifolia, Salisb. Gold thread. 



Leaves 3-foliate ; leaflets wedge-shaped, obovate, obtuse, toothed or obscurely 3- 

 lobed ; scape 1-flowered; petals much smaller than the sepals. 



Swamps and boggy places: common. May — July. Stem, subterranean, extensive- 

 ly creeping, golden yellow, bitter and tonic. Leaves evergreen ; scape 4 to 6 inches 

 high, slender, bearing a single white, starlike flower. 



10. AQUILEGIA. Linn. Columbine. 



Lat aquila, an eagle; the spurs or nectaries resembling the claws of that bird. 



Sepals 5, regular, colored like the petals. Petals 5, 

 with a short spreading lip, produced backwards into long, 



