L08 R0SACE.E. 



-Sub-order III. POMBA The Apple Family. 



or shrubs with alternate simple or compound leaves. 



15. CRAT^OUS. Linn. Hawthorns 



Gr. hratotj strength; in allusion to the hardness of the wood. 



Calyx-tube urn-shaped, limb 5- cleft. Petals 5, round- 

 ish. Stamens many or only 10 to 15. Styles 1 to 5, 

 smooth. Fruit a pome, containing 1 to 5 bony 1-seeded 

 carpels. — Thorny trees or shrub*) with simple mostly lobed 



leaves, subulate deciduous hracts } and showy white (rarely rose- 

 color) flowers in corymb*. 



* Leaves serrate sub-entire, not lolcr 1 . 



1. C. Crus-galli, Ait. Cockspur Thorn. 



Smooth ; leaves wedge-ol ovate, thickish, shining, serrate, entire near the base : 

 spines Terr long; corymbs smooth; styles 1 to 3. 



Borders of -woods and thickets: rare. May. June. A thorny shrub or umall 

 tree 10 to 20 feet high, much branched. Thorn* 2 to 3 in. h - i nearly 



sessile 1 to 2*4 inches Ions:. } £ to %, as -wide. F!< wen white, fragrant on corymbs, 

 on very short "lateral bractlets. Sepals lanceolate, smooth, sub-serrate. Style often 

 solitary. Fruit red. pear-shaped or ovoid-oblong. 



2. C punctata, Jacq. Common Thorn. 



Leaves wedge-obovate, cut-serrate, smooth, narrowed at base into a margined 

 petiole, furrowed by the impressed straight veins ; corymbs compound, and with 

 the calyx pubescent when young. 



Thickets, hedges and swamps : common. May. A small tree 12 to 25 feet high 

 with rugged branches, usually armed with stout sharp thorns 1 to 2 inches long, 

 sometimes nearly unarmed. Bark ash-colored. L green, mostly hairy. 



F lowert white, numerous, fillet 1 to 3. Fruit large, red or^yellowish, globose, 

 .1 Ued. 



3. C. PARYIFOLIA, Ait, Dwarf Thorn. 



Leaves wedge-obovate or cuneate, nearly sessile, rounded at the apex, cuneate, 

 serrate, rarely somewhat incised, pubescent; flowers subsolitary ; calyx lobes folia- 

 eeous, incised as long as the petals; styles 5; fruit roundish, pyriform. 



Saudy woods and banks of stream ; not common. April. May. A much branched 

 5hrub -4 to T feet high, armed with a few long and sharp thorns. Flowers white, 

 mostly solitary and terminal. Fruit % to }■> inch in diameter, red or yellow, eat*? 

 ble when ripe. 



* * Leaves incised, inore or less lobed- 



4. C tomentosa, L. Black Thorn. 



Leaves ovate-elliptic or oval-wedge-form, and narrowed at base into a short mar- 

 gined petiole, incisely serrate and sub-lobed towards the apex, smooth and furrowed 

 neath when young: styles 3 to 6 : frv.it pyriform. 



Borders of woods and thickets; sonunon. Hay, June. A large shrub 12 to 15 

 feet high, branching, armed with sharp thorns 1 to 2 inches long. Leaves 3 to 5 

 inehe- - as wide, acute at apex, on petioles \< i to 1 inch long. Flowers 



large, white, fragrant, in a large leafy compound corymb. Fruit large, orange- 

 red, eatable, ripe in Sept. 



5. C. coccinea, L. White Thorn. 



Leaves roundish-ovate, thin, sharply cut and toothed, 5 to 9-lobed, somewhat 

 cordate at base, on long slender petioles, nearly smooth : styles 3 to 5; fruit globose. 



