UMBELLIFEKJE. 135 



double winged border to the point; the seeds separating, and 

 coated all over with the numerous oil-tubes, — Stout and often 

 very large 'perennials, with 1 to 2-p innately compound leaves, 

 and usually large inflated petioles, scarcely any involucre, 

 many-leaved involuceh and perfect umbels of greenish or 

 white flowers. 



1, A. ATROPURPUREA, Hoffm. Great Angelica. 



Smooth; leaves 2 to 3-tcrnately compound; the lea/lets pinnate, 5 to 7, sharply 

 cut serrate, acute, pale beneath ; petioles much inflated; involucels 8 to 10, very 

 short; fruit smooth. 



Meadows and fence rows; common. July, Aug. Stem 3 to 6 feet high, stout, 

 hollow, dark-purple, furrowed. Petioles large, inflated, channelled on the uppe* 

 side, with inflated stipules at base. Umbels 3, terminal, rounded, 4 to 8 inches in 

 diameter. Flowers greenish white. A popular aromatic herb. 



2. A. hirsuta, Torrey & Gray. Hirsute Angelica. 



Stem striate, downy at the top; leaves twice pinnately or ternately divided; 

 leaflets ovate-oblong, equally serrate, smooth; involucels of 6 to 8 subulate leaves 

 directed to one side; peduncles and fruit downy. 



Dry -open woods. July, Aug. Stem 2 to 5 feet high, simple, erect, straight 

 Leaves on petioles 6 to 10 inches long. Umbels 3 to i, on long velvety peduncles. 

 Flowers numerous, white. 



8. THASPIUM. Nutt, Meadow Parsnip. 



From the Isle of Thaspia, which gave name to the ancient allied genus Thapsia. 



Calyx minutely 5-toothed. Petals elliptic, with a long 

 inflated point. Fruit elliptical or ovoid, not compressed 

 laterally ; carpels with 5 winged ribs, interstice with single 

 vittse. Involucre none. — Perennials icith 1 to 4 ternately 

 compound leaves, and yellow or dark-purple flowers. 



1. T. BARBINODE, Nutt. Hairy-jointed Thaspium. 



Leaves 2 to 3 ternately compound ; leaflets wedge-ovate, acute, unequally and 

 iocisely serrate, entire towards the base; umbels terminal and opposite the leaves. 



River banks, Northern part of the State. June. Stem tall and branching, 

 downy on the joints, 2 to 3 feet high. Leaves smooth; upper oies sub-opposite. 

 Flowers deep yellow, numerous. 



2. T. aureum, Nutt. Golden Thaspium. 



Stem smooth; lower and middle stem leaves biternately, and the upper ones 

 ternately divided; segments oblong-lancelate, finely serrate, with cartilaginous 

 teeth, the root-leaves often simple and round heart-shaped ; fruit oval. 



Banks and moist meadows. June. Stem 1 to 3 feet high, simple. Leaflets very 

 smooth, tbickisk; the larger often heart-shaped, the upper wedge-shaped at tho 

 base. Umbels on long peduncles 10 to 12-rayed, with very short involucres. 

 Flowers yellow. Fruit oval. 



3. T. atropurpureum, Nutt. Purple Alexanders. 



Stem smooth or slightly pubescent; root-leaves simple and heart-shaped, some- 

 times ternate, serrate; stem leaves ternate; leaflets heart-ovate and oblong-ovate, 

 crenate-serrate. 



